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British politician and judge The Right Honourable The Viscount Haldane KT OM PC FRS FSA FBA Haldane in 1919 Lord Chancellor
In office 10 June 1912 - 25 May 1915 Monarch George V Prime Minister H. H.
Asquith Preceded by The Earl Loreburn Succeeded by The Lord Buckmaster
In office 22 January 1924 - 6 November 1924 Monarch George V Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald Preceded by The Viscount Cave Succeeded by The Viscount Cave Leader of the House of Lords
In office 22 January 1924 - 3 November 1924 Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald Preceded by The Marquess Curzon of Kedleston Succeeded by The Marquess Curzon of Kedleston Secretary of State for War
In office 10 December 1905 - 12 June 1912 Prime Minister Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman H. H. Asquith Preceded by H. O. Arnold-Forster Succeeded by Colonel J.E.B . Seely Member of the House of Lords Lord Temporal Hereditary peerage 27 March 1911 - 19 August 1928 Member of Parliament for Haddingtonshire
In office 18
December 1885 - 27 March 1911 Preceded by Hugo Charteris Succeeded by John Hope Personal details Born ( 1856-07-30) 30 July 1856 Edinburgh , Scotland Died 19
August 1928( 1928-08-19 ) ( aged 72 )
Auchterarder , Scotland Political party Liberal ( 1879-1923 ) Labour ( 1923-1928 )
Education University of Göttingen University of Edinburgh Profession Barrister 17 Charlotte Square , Edinburgh , birthplace of Richard Haldane Haldane caricatured by Spy in Vanity Fair , 1896 Richard Burdon Haldane , 1st Viscount Haldane , KT , OM , PC , FRS , FSA , FBA ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 July 1856 - 19 August 1928 ) was a Scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential Liberal and later Labour politician and statesman .
He was Secretary of State for War between 1905 and 1912 during which time the " Haldane Reforms " of the British Army were implemented .
As Secretary of State of War , he was instrumental in founding MI5 , MI6 , the Territorial Army , the British Expeditionary Force , and the Royal Air Force .
Beyond his military contributions , Haldane was a significant figure in education , contributing to the founding of institutions such as Imperial College London and the London School of Economics .
His efforts have left a lasting impact on both the UK 's defense and educational landscapes .
As an intellectual he was fascinated with German thought .
That led to his role in seeking detente with Germany in 1912 in the Haldane Mission .
The mission was a failure and tensions with Berlin forced London to work more closely with Paris .
Raised to the peerage as Viscount Haldane in 1911 , he was Lord Chancellor between 1912 and 1915 , when he was forced to resign because of allegations of German sympathies .
He later joined the Labour Party and again served as Lord Chancellor in 1924 in the first Labour administration .
Apart from his legal and political careers , Haldane was an influential writer on philosophy , in recognition of which he was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in 1914 .
Background and education Haldane was born at 17 Charlotte Square , Edinburgh , the son of Robert Haldane and his wife Mary Elizabeth , daughter of Richard Burdon-Sanderson .
He was the grandson of the Scottish evangelist James Alexander Haldane , the brother of respiratory physiologist John Scott Haldane , Sir William Haldane and author Elizabeth Haldane , and the uncle of J. B. S. Haldane , Robert Haldane Makgill and Naomi Mitchison .
He received his first education at the Edinburgh Academy , and then at the University of Göttingen .
He gained a first and MA at University of Edinburgh where he received first-class honours in Philosophy and was Gray scholar and Ferguson scholar .
After studying law in London , he was called to the bar by Lincoln 's Inn , in 1879 , and became a successful lawyer .
He was taken on at 5 New Square Chambers by Horace
Davey in 1882 as the junior .
Haldane 's practice was a specialism in conveyancing ; a particular skill for pleadings at appeal and tribunal cases , bringing cases to the Privy Council and House of Lords .
By 1890 he had become a Queen 's Counsel .
By 1905 he was earning £20,000 per annum at the Bar ( equivalent to £2.7 million in 2023 ) .
He became a bencher at Lincoln 's Inn in 1893 .
Amongst his early friends was Edmund Gosse , the librarian of the House of Lords library .
Haldane was a deep thinker , an unusual breed : a philosopher-politician .
During his stay at Göttingen he expanded an interest in the German philosophers , Schopenhauer and Hegel .
He had refused a place at Balliol , but in nodding respect for the Master and philosopher , T. H. Green , he dedicated his Essays in Philosophical Criticism to him .
Early political career
A cousin , the Whig politician Lord Camperdown encouraged the young barrister into standing as a Liberal at the General Election of 1880 .
Although not elected that year Haldane joined the Eighty
Club , a political dining and discussion club formed in 1879 .
Membership was restricted to Liberals under the age of forty .
In 1881 Haldane met H. H. Asquith , and they soon became firm friends often meeting at the Blue Post Public house on Cork Street .
They were founders of the Albert Grey committee , named after Albert Grey , regularly discussing burning social issues , such as education .
In November 1885 , Haldane was elected Liberal Member of Parliament for Haddingtonshire , a seat he held until 1911 .
The philosopher-politician wrote several articles for the advanced and progressive Contemporary Review .
In October 1888 , " The Liberal Creed " was published summarising his belief in the direction of New Liberalism .
In the 1890 article " The Eight Hours Question "
Haldane rejected the idea of the eight-hour day .
In 1888 , he courted Emma Valentine Ferguson , sister of his Liberal party friend , Ronald Munro-Ferguson ; she broke off the engagement and subsequently lampooned him in her novel Betsy in 1892 .
Haldane became firmly ensconced in the Imperialist wing of Liberalism , led by Sir Edward Grey .
At the 1892 General Election , he received a shock when nearly defeated by the Liberal Unionist , Walter Hepburne-Scott , Master of Polwarth .
Beatrice
Webb , the socialist who was a close intimate , remarked on how alone Haldane was in the world .
Haldane added the preface to Leonard Hobhouse 's The Labour Movement in 1893 .
Emma Ferguson died insane in 1897 .
Webb remarked , " He had pathos in his personality , a successful lawyer tinged with socialism . "
Liberal Imperialist Focusing on his writings , Haldane was passed over for political office , being the only one of his group left out in the wilderness .
Haldane remained an ally of Asquith and Grey in the Liberal Imperialist wing of the party , followers of Lord Rosebery rather than of Sir William Harcourt .
Rosebery admired Haldane 's intellect , and the Scotsman urged upon his friend , whom he had known since 1886 , an assault on Tory power in the Lords in 1894 .
Haldane joined friends at the Articles Club , including Asquith and Grey .
Haldane was disappointed having failed to secure the post of Solicitor-General in October 1894 .
Asquith wryly remarked " A very wrong decision come to upon inadequate grounds . "
Haldane was sounded out for the Speakership by Rosebery , but refused it , declaring it to be a political death .
At a meeting with Beatrice Webb Haldane told her he was disconsolate at the condition of the Liberal Party : " Rot has set in there is no hope now but to be beaten and then reconstruct a new party " .
The leaders of the party were exasperated and believed Rosebery to lack planning and direction .
" Although Asquith , Grey and I " , wrote Haldane , " stuck by him...
we never knew when he would retire and leave us in the lurch " .
When Rosebery offered the Speakership , he refused it that March .
However , on 11 October 1896 , he wrote to Rosebery that he " was the leader of a revolution in our party " .
On 11 August 1902 , Haldane was admitted to the Privy Council , following an announcement of the King 's intention to make the appointment in the 1902 Coronation Honours list , published in June that year .
The King used his influence and charm to cultivate allies , bringing cross-party groups like The Souls together in consensual amity .
Balfour 's administration leant on Haldane 's philosophy for educational reforms .
After the Conservative government of Arthur Balfour fell in December 1905 there was some speculation that Asquith and his allies Haldane and Grey would refuse to serve unless Henry Campbell-Bannerman accepted a peerage , which would have left Asquith as the real leader in the House of Commons .
Haldane had suggested involving the King at Balmoral to ' kick CB upstairs ' .
However , the plot ( called " The Relugas Compact " after Grey 's
Scottish lodge where the men met ) collapsed when Asquith agreed to serve as Chancellor of the Exchequer under Campbell-Bannerman .
Haldane wrote , " One longs for Rosebery had he been coming in to his right place at the head of affairs , we could have gone anywhere with confidence .
But it seems now as if this were not to be and we have to do the only thing we can do , which is to resolutely follow a plan of concerted action " .
On 13 December 1905 , Haldane was appointed Secretary of State for War , but he may have been offered the jobs of Attorney-General and Home Secretary . ( Grey became Foreign Secretary ) .
Unity in the Liberals helped them obtain the largest electoral majority in the party 's history in the 1906 general election .
Secretary of State for War
As early as January 1906
Haldane was persuaded by fellow Liberal Imperialist Edward Grey to begin planning for a Continental war in support of the French against the Germans .
However , Haldane 's first estimates reduced the Army by 16,600 men and reduced expenditure by £2.6m to £28 million , as the Liberals had been elected on a platform of retrenchment .
By 1914 Britain spent 3.4 % of national income on defence , little more in absolute terms than Austria-Hungary 's 6.1 % .
Army expenditure was determined according to a formula devised by the Esher Committee .
In 1900 , during the Boer War , army expenditure was £86.8m , by 1910 ( a low point , after four years of cuts under the Liberals ) it had dropped to £27.6m and by 1914 it had risen back to £29.4m .
In March 1914 effective expenditure on the Army , after allowing for increased pensions and £1m set aside for military aviation , was still less than in 1907-8 , and £2m less than in 1905-6 ( despite a 20 % rise in prices since then ) .
In October 1907 Haldane was intimately involved with the negotiations at Windsor with Kaiser Wilhelm II .
The Germanophile and linguist was thrilled to be summoned at 1 am to talk with the Emperor over whisky on arms reduction principles .
But the import was the Berlin-Baghdad railway which Germany was hoping to construct with British approval .
A fluent German-speaker , Haldane was lulled into a false sense of security believing ' like a bear with a sore head ' that he had won a great deal .
Another such conference took place at Balmoral in September 1909 .
But the Kaiser , refusing to converse with a mere secretary , arrogantly insisted that only the King was of equal rank .
Despite the budgetary constraints , Haldane implemented a wide-ranging set of reforms of the Army , aimed at preparing the army for an Imperial war but with the more likely ( and secret ) task of a European war .
The main element of this was the establishment of the British Expeditionary
Force of six infantry divisions and one cavalry division .
The Official Historian Brigadier James Edmonds later wrote that " in every respect the Expeditionary Force of 1914 was incomparably the best trained , best organised and best equipped British Army ever to leave these shores "
Haldane at West Point sometime before the Great War .
Richard
Haldane leaving reviewing grounds with Clarence Page Townsley : Capt E.R Householder ; Capt E.R. Gregory Army reforms Main article : Haldane Reforms Haldane set up the Imperial General Staff .
Before Haldane , there was only the Defence Committee of the Cabinet , which met only in emergencies , and the Colonial Defence Committee .
Esher had recommended the setting up of an Army Council and the abolition of the post of Commander-in-Chief , but few of his recommendations had been implemented before the change of government in December 1905 .
Haldane 's reforms also created the Territorial
Force of 14 divisions ( the original plan was for 28 ) and 14 mounted Yeomanry brigades at home , the Officer Training Corps and the Special Reserve .
In all the reforms , Haldane worked closely at the War Office with Major-General Haig .
By coincidence , both men had been born in Charlotte Square , in Edinburgh .
J. A . Spender later wrote of how Haldane got the best work out of an able but verbally-incoherent soldier ( thought to refer to Haig ) by not scoring verbal points off him , as many politicians would have done .
Usually critical , Rosebery remarked on Haldane 's interest in philosophy , declaring : " I have read his Secret Memorandum , and that was enough " .
In 1907 and 1908 , Haldane passed far-reaching reforms to Army management .
He was accredited as an efficient bureaucratic leader , notably founding the Territorial Army in a Second Memorandum .
His reforms re-oriented British military policy , revamped army organization along the lines of the German General Staff , upgraded the training of the auxiliary forces , and created an efficient and economically run service .
Those reforms enabled Britain to send some 120,000 men to France in fifteen days in August 1914 .
Haldane was also instrumental in the creation the Advisory Committee for Aeronautics in 1909 , which provided the fledgling aircraft industry in the United Kingdom with a sound body of science on which to base the development of aircraft for the next seventy years ( it was disbanded in 1979 ) .
Philosopher-politician
Throughout his long career and association with the modernisers or ' Limps ' Haldane used his considerable intellect to great advantage against economy .
A radical liberal , Haldane was also , according to historian Martin Pugh , one of the " best supporters " of David Lloyd George 's " People 's Budget . "
During the constitutional and budget crisis of 1909-11 , Haldane advised his friend and Prime Minister , Asquith on the legal niceties of his stance towards the monarch , who was outraged at the firebrand speeches from Churchill and Lloyd George .
Stumbling from illness to illness , Haldane 's own bad health was similar to King Edward 's declining fortunes .
The Viscount Haldane , Lord Chancellor , 1912
Two elections ensued , one in January and another in December 1910 , before in 1911 he was raised to the peerage as Viscount Haldane , of Cloan in the County of Perth .
He became Leader in the Lords , responsible for the passage of the Parliament Act .
On Lord Loreburn 's retirement in June 1912 , Haldane succeeded him as Lord Chancellor , making a self-deprecating speech as to his abilities as a legal expert .
Haldane Mission of 1912 to Berlin Main article : Haldane Mission 1912 saw the unsuccessful attempt of the Haldane Mission , an effort to quell the friction between Britain and Germany arising because of their escalating naval arms race .
The mission was a failure because the Germans would agree to slow the tempo of its warship construction only if Britain promised to remain neutral if Germany should become engaged in a war where " Germany could not be said to be the aggressor . "
Above all Berlin wanted Britain to remain neutral in a war between Germany and France .
That carried an unacceptable risk encouraging Germany to go to war with France or Russia and taking control of the continent .
First World War
In March 1914 Haldane 's successor at the War Office , Jack Seely , resigned following the Curragh incident .
Rather than appoint a successor , Asquith decided to take over responsibility for the War Office directly himself .
Asquith relied heavily on Haldane as the previous War Secretary and empowered him to carry out tasks at the War Office on his behalf .
As the situation in Europe worsened , Asquith kept Haldane abreast of developments with Sir Edward Grey at the Foreign Office .
Haldane was one of the first members of the Cabinet to recognise that war with Germany was inevitable and persuaded Asquith to mobilise by assembly of the Army Council on 3 August .
With war imminent , Asquith was happy for Haldane to continue at the War Office formally as Secretary of State for War , but Haldane persuaded him to appoint Field Marshal Kitchener .
Following the outbreak of the First World War Haldane was falsely accused of pro-German sympathies , in July 1914 , for hosting Albert Ballin , a German shipping magnate and unofficial mediator between Germany and Britain .
The accusations were widely believed and were even echoed in a popular music hall song ( " All dressed up and nowhere to go " ) in the revue " Mr Manhattan " .
He was harried in particular by Beaverbrook 's Daily Express , which gave great publicity to the claim by Professor Onkel of Heidelberg that he had said " Germany was his spiritual home " .
He had in fact said that about Professor Hermann Lotze 's classroom at Göttingen at a dinner party given by Mrs Humphry Ward in April 1913 to enable him to meet some German professors during his mission .
In 1915
Asquith ranked his Cabinet , putting Haldane only sixth of the inner cabinet members .
Dismissal from office Following the shell crisis and the resignation of Lord Fisher , in May 1915 the Liberals were obliged to form a coalition government with the Conservatives who , under the leadership of Bonar Law , insisted on the removal of Winston Churchill as First Lord of the Admiralty and the dismissal of Haldane .
Haldane 's removal was on account of the popularity of the press 's campaign relating to Haldane 's alleged pro-German sympathies .
Neither the former prime minister Arthur Balfour , Haldane 's closest friend amongst the Conservatives , nor Asquith , the Liberal prime minister of the day and Haldane 's closest political ally and friend for over 30 years , did anything to resist Bonar Law 's demands .
Roy Jenkins in his biography of Asquith describes the charges as " absolute nonsense " and Max Egremont describes Balfour as " knowing the injustice behind the charges " and " being privately indignant " .
To the detriment of their relationship , Asquith gave no personal expression to Haldane .
Jenkins describes the omission as " the most uncharacteristic fault of Asquith 's whole career " attributing it to Asquith suffering the " indescribable blow " of the surprise announcement of the engagement of the woman he loved , Venetia Stanley , to one of his government ministers , Edwin Montagu .
Following his departure from the government Haldane went to the front to meet his old friend General Haig , and his cousin , General Aylmer Haldane , but he was exhausted on being ejected from Cabinet .
Having been awarded the Order of Merit in 1915 , in the personal gift of George V , he wrote a Memorandum of Events , 1906-15 , to defend his reputation .
It was published in April 1916 .
Haldane thought Lloyd George 's new government , formed in December 1916 , " very low class " .
Haldane told Lord Buckmaster at this time , " Asquith is a first-class head of a deliberative council .
He is versed in precedents , acts on principle , and knows how and when to compromise .
Lloyd George knows nothing for precedents and cares for no principles , but he has fire in his belly and that is what we want . "
As the war progressed Haldane moved increasingly close to the Labour Party , but he was held back by his ties to the Liberal Party and to Asquith .
When the Irish War of Independence broke out in 1919 , Haldane was one of the first British politicians to argue that the solution lay in compromise rather than force .
Contribution to Canadian constitutional law As Lord Chancellor , Haldane was a member of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council , at that time the court of last resort for the Empire .
He retained the position even when he was no longer Chancellor .
He sat on several cases from Canada dealing with the division of powers between the federal and provincial governments under the Canadian Constitution , particularly the interplay between sections 91 and 92 of the British North America Act 1867 .
He gave the decision for the Judicial Committee in several of those cases , and showed a marked tendency to favour the provincial powers at the expense of the federal government .
For instance , in the case of In re the Board of Commerce Act , 1919 , and the Combines and Fair Prices Act , he gave the decision striking down federal legislation which attempted to regulate the economy , challenging the legality of the Canadian legislature .
In doing so , he gave very restrictive readings to both the " peace , order and good government " power of the federal government , as well as the federal criminal law power .
Similarly , in Toronto Electric Commissioners v. Snider , Lord Haldane struck down a federal statute attempting to regulate industrial disputes , holding that it was not within federal authority under either the peace , order and good government power , nor the federal trade and commerce power .
He went so far as to suggest that the trade and commerce power was simply an ancillary federal power , which could not authorise legislation in its own right .
The effects of some of these decisions have subsequently been modified by later decisions of the Judicial Committee and the Supreme Court of Canada , but they have had the long-term effect of recognising substantial provincial powers .
Haldane 's approach to the division of powers was heavily criticised by some academics and lawyers in Canada , such as F. R. Scott and Chief Justice Bora Laskin , as unduly favouring the provinces over the federal government and depriving it of the powers needed to deal with modern economic issues .
More recently , one major study has characterised him as " the wicked stepfather " of the Canadian Constitution .
Influence on education
In 1895 , Haldane helped the Webbs found the London School of Economics .
A fundamental believer in the power of improving education , he prepared the London University Act 1898 .
The philosophy of ' national efficiency ' was central feature of the Hegelian complex , and the ideas of Schopenhauer , he had learnt on the continent , that accentuated freedom and decentralisation from an historicist 's perspective .
His moral centrism sought to unify The New Liberalism , as he published it in Contemporary Review .
From a pan-European perspective he analysed the German character and economic advances towards militarism .
He was largely responsible for the cross-party support for Balfour 's Education Act 1902 .
He told Rosebery " a sense of nation is working towards ...a great centre party . "
He was also involved in the founding of Imperial College in 1907 and in his honour the University contained the Haldane Recreational Library , which now forms part of the main library collection .
Haldane was a member of the Coefficients dining club of social reformers set up in 1902 by the Fabian campaigners
Sidney and Beatrice Webb .
He wrote a biography of Adam Smith , extolling the virtues of free trade .
Unlike Joseph Chamberlain he thought there was no strong connection between fiscal and imperial unity .
He opposed any attempt to protection of British trade .
In 1904 , he was President of the Edinburgh Sir Walter Scott Club and gave the Toast to Sir Walter at the Club 's annual dinner , addressing " The dedicated life " to a group of students on 10 January 1907 .
He also served as second Chancellor of the University of Bristol where he made an important address titled " The Civic University " outlining his educational philosophy in 1911 .
At the end of his life Lord Haldane was elected Chancellor of the University of St Andrews in June 1928 .
Perhaps his greatest speech on education was made in House of Lords on 12 July 1916 , at the height of the terrible slaughter on the Western Front .
Writings Haldane co-translated the first English edition of Schopenhauer 's The World as Will and Representation , published between 1883 and 1886 .
He wrote several philosophical works , the best known of which is The Reign of Relativity ( 1921 ) , which dealt with the philosophical implications of the theory of relativity .
Haldane published " The Pathway to Reality " , based on the Gifford Lectures which he had delivered at the University of St Andrews .
Some of his public addresses have also been published , including
The future of democracy ( 1918 ) .
*
The Pathway to Reality .
London : John Murray .
1903 .
*
The Pathway to Reality : Stage the Second .
New York : E. P. Dutton and Co. 1904 .
Army Reform and Other Addresses ( 1907 )
The Conduct of Life , and Other Addresses .
London .
1914 .
Before the War.
1920 .
The Reign of Relativity .
Toronto : Macmillan . 1921 .
The philosophy of humanism and of other subjects .
Toronto : Macmillan .
1922 .
Human Experience :
A Study of Its Structure .
E.P. Dutton .
1926 .
Papers and photographs of Richard Burdon Haldane , 1st viscount Haldane , and of the Haldane family . , National Library of Scotland An Autobiography .
London : Hodder and Stoughton . 1929 .
OCLC 771158008 .
OL 19765733W.
Personal life
Portrait by Philip de László , 1928 Haldane had health problems all his life .
He suffered from bad rheumatism , a stigmata in the eye and in 1909 , he had to take bed rest when going blind from iritis .
A lifelong walker and cigar smoker , he was diagnosed diabetic .
" The latter is a large , fat man " was Haig 's initial impression of a dignified but portly demeanour .
Yet , added Haig , " One seems to like the man at once . "
Having worked on the Army Regulations of 1909 , Haig applauded " a most clear headed and practical man--very ready to listen and weigh carefully all that is said to him . "
Osbert Sitwell described him as " entering a room with the air of a whole procession " .
Leo Amery said he looked like " the old-fashioned family butler " .
Another Imperialist , Winston Churchill also respected Haldane , although they were from differing social backgrounds .
On promoting Churchill to First Lord of the Admiralty , Asquith advised him to seek Haldane 's advice at a meeting held at Archerfield , North Berwick .
From 1907 to 1908 , he was president of the Aristotelian Society .
Haldane remained a lifelong bachelor after his fiancée , Miss Valentine Ferguson , broke off their engagement .
He died suddenly of heart disease at his home in Auchterarder , Scotland , on 19 August 1928 , aged 72 .
The viscountcy became extinct on his death .
Later years
In December 1918 , Lloyd George appointed Haldane chairman of ' The Machinery of Government ' committee .
However , the Armistice had taken all impetus out of the reform agenda .
This work led to the idea that decisions about what to spend research funds on should be made by researchers rather than politicians being named the Haldane principle .
At the time of the Paisley by-election of January 1920 Haldane was in the process of shifting his sympathies from Liberal to Labour , and was wrongly thought to have endorsed Labour ( earning a rebuke from Margot Asquith , whom Haldane thought " tiresome because she is ignorant " , to his aged mother ) .
In fact he favoured Asquith 's election on a personal level .
Being a fluent German speaker , ascetic philosopher and atheist , he played host to Albert Einstein , when he visited London in 1921 .
As President of the Institute of Public Administration , he was a leading intellectual on the philosophy of governance .
" The Reign of Relativity " combined Haldane 's love of all things German expressed by Goethe and his works , with the Hegelian military-industrial complex .
Haldane admired the fact that Germans were " trained to obey " .
Hegel 's aristocratic desire for law and order and defence of property against revolution had a mathematical symmetry .
Hegel was a purist : his work attempted to keep science and philosophy apart .
The rising tide of New Liberalism and moral realism was for Haldane , Hegel 's philological precept to improve behaviour , using the empiricism of scientific data as a proof .
Haldane refused to join the platform for Asquith 's speech at Westminster Central Hall in January 1922 .
He stated that his main interest in public life was now education reform and that the cause was not best served by endorsing the Liberal Party .
It was not until the general election of 1923 that Haldane formally sided with Labour , and made several speeches on behalf of Labour candidates .
When the Labour government was formed by Ramsay MacDonald in early 1924 , Haldane served once again as Lord Chancellor .
He was also joint Leader of the Labour Peers with Lord Parmoor .
Haldane was a vital member of the Cabinet as he was one of only three members who had sat in a cabinet before .
Haldane was responsible for drafting the London University Act 1926 , purchasing properties in Euston .
He made some famous speeches at Toynbee Hall for the Annual American Seminar .
Arms CAPTION :
Coat of arms of Richard Haldane , 1st Viscount Haldane Crest An eagle 's head erased Or . Escutcheon Quarterly 1st & 4th Argent a saltire engrailed Sable ( Haldane ) ; 2nd Argent a saltire between four roses Gules ( Lennox ) ; 3rd Or a bend chequy Sable & Argent ( Menteith ) ; in the centre of the quarters a crescent Sable , all within a bordure Or . Motto Suffer Orders Order of the Thistle Order of Merit ( not pictured )
Legacy
In November 1923 Lord Birkenhead , the Conservative politician , praised Haldane 's contribution to Britain 's preparedness for the First World War : In the welter of sentimentality , amid which Great Britain might easily have mouldered into ruin , my valued colleague , Lord Haldane , presented a figure alike interesting , individual , and arresting .
In speech fluent and even infinite he yielded to no living idealist in the easy coinage of sentimental phraseology .
Here , indeed , he was a match for those who distributed the chloroform of Berlin .
Do we not remember , for instance , that Germany was his spiritual home ?
But he none the less prepared himself , and the Empire , to talk when the time came with his spiritual friends in language not in the least spiritual .
He devised the Territorial Army , which was capable of becoming the easy nucleus of national conscription , and which unquestionably ought to have been used for that purpose at the outbreak of war .
He created the Imperial General Staff .
He founded the Officers ' Training Corps . — Lord Birkenhead ( n.d. ) , Idealism in International Politics .
A Rectorial Address , Delivered on November 23rd ( PDF ) , Peterborough : The Peterborough Press , p. 9
On Haldane 's death The Times described him as " one of the most powerful , subtle and encyclopaedic intellects ever devoted to the public service of his country " .
The military historian Correlli Barnett claimed that Haldane had " all-round personal talents far exceeding those of his predecessors " as Secretary of State for War and that he was " a man of first-class intellect and wide education " .
Walter Reid believed Haldane to be the greatest of the Secretaries for War .
Decided cases *
Heilbut , Symons & Co v Buckleton UKHL 2 , no damages for non-fraudulent misrepresentation , reversed by Hedley Byrne * British Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co v Underground
Electric Railway Co of London AC 673 , 689 , on mitigation *
Kreglinger v New Patagonia Meat & Cold Storage Co Ltd UKHL 1 , no clog on equity of redemption *
Sinclair v Brougham AC 398 , priority for depositors over shareholders * Nocton v Lord Ashburton AC 932 , fiduciary duty of giving non-negligent advice * Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co Ltd v Selfridge & Co Ltd UKHL 1 , no right to enforce resale price maintenance without a contract *
Lennard 's Carrying Co Ltd v Asiatic Petroleum Co Ltd AC 705 , directors are presumed to be the controlling minds of the company *
Cook v Deeks UKPC 10 , no conflicts of interest for company directors *
Jones v Jones 2 AC 487 * Great West Saddlery
Company Limited and others v The King UKPC 27 * Macedo v Stroud AC 330 , property transfer * Jasperson v Dominion Tobacco Co AC 709 , interference with contractual relations *
Lake v Simmons AC 487


Recall: 91.41%

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british [UNKNOWN] politician [PERSON] and judge the right honourable [UNKNOWN] the viscount haldane [PERSON] kt om pc frs [PERSON] fsa [PERSON] fba [PERSON] haldane [PERSON] in 1919 lord chancellor [PERSON] in office [PLACE] 10 june [PERIOD] 1912 - 25 may [PERIOD] 1915 monarch [PERSON] george v [PERSON] prime minister [HUMAN ROLE] h. h. asquith [PERSON] preceded by the earl loreburn [PERSON] succeeded by the lord buckmaster [PERSON] in office [PLACE] 22 january [PERIOD] 1924 - 6 november [PERIOD] 1924 monarch [PERSON] george v [PERSON] prime minister [HUMAN ROLE] ramsay macdonald [PERSON] preceded by the viscount cave [PERSON] succeeded by the viscount cave leader [PERSON] of the house [PLACE] of lords [PERSON] in office [PLACE] 22 january [PERIOD] 1924 - 3 november [PERIOD] 1924 prime minister [HUMAN ROLE] ramsay macdonald [PERSON] preceded by the marquess curzon [PERSON] of kedleston [UNKNOWN] succeeded by the marquess curzon [PERSON] of kedleston secretary [PERSON] of state [STATE] for war [EVENT] in office [PLACE] 10 december [PERIOD] 1905 - 12 june [PERIOD] 1912 prime minister [HUMAN ROLE] sir henry campbell-bannerman h. h. asquith [PERSON] preceded by h. o. arnold-forster succeeded by colonel j.e.b [PERSON] . seely member [PERSON] of the house [PLACE] of lords lord temporal hereditary [PERSON] peerage [COLLECTION] 27 march [PERIOD] 1911 - 19 august [PERIOD] 1928 member [PERSON] of parliament [HUMAN GROUP] for haddingtonshire [PLACE] in office [PLACE] 18 december [PERIOD] 1885 - 27 march [PERIOD] 1911 preceded by hugo [PERSON] charteris succeeded by john hope [EVENT] personal details born [PERSON] ( 1856-07-30) 30 july [PERIOD] 1856 edinburgh [INSTITUTION] , scotland [PLACE] died 19 august [PERIOD] 1928( 1928-08-19 ) ( aged 72 ) auchterarder [UNKNOWN] , scotland [PLACE] political party liberal [PERSON] ( 1879-1923 ) labour [PERSON] ( 1923-1928 ) education university [INSTITUTION] of göttingen university [INSTITUTION] of edinburgh [INSTITUTION] profession barrister [PERSON] 17 charlotte square [PLACE] , edinburgh [INSTITUTION] , birthplace [LOCATION] of richard haldane [PERSON] haldane [PERSON] caricatured by spy [RESOURCE] in vanity fair [PERSON] , 1896 richard burdon haldane [PERSON] , 1st viscount haldane [PERSON] , kt , om , pc , frs [PERSON] , fsa [PERSON] , fba [PERSON] ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july [PERIOD] 1856 - 19 august [PERIOD] 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer [PERSON] , philosopher [PERSON] , influential liberal [PERSON] and later labour politician [PERSON] and statesman [PERSON] . he was secretary [PERSON] of state [STATE] for war [EVENT] between 1905 and 1912 during which time [PERIOD] the " haldane reforms [AMOUNT] " of the british army [HUMAN GROUP] were implemented . as secretary [PERSON] of state [STATE] of war [EVENT] , he was instrumental in founding [NUMBER] mi5 , mi6 , the territorial army [HUMAN GROUP] , the british expeditionary force [FORCE] [FORCE] , and the royal air [AIR] force [FORCE] . beyond his military contributions [EVENT] , haldane [PERSON] was a significant figure [FIGURE] in education [PROCESS] , contributing to the founding [NUMBER] of institutions [INSTITUTION] such as imperial college london [PLACE] and the london school [INSTITUTION] of economics [STUDY] . his efforts [ACTION] have left a lasting impact [ACTION] on both the uk 's defense [PERSON] and educational landscapes [SITUATION] . as an intellectual [PERSON] he was fascinated with german thought [UNKNOWN] . that led to his role [ROLE] in seeking detente [UNKNOWN] with germany [PLACE] in 1912 in the haldane mission [PERSON] . the mission [PERSON] was a failure [ABSTRACT ENTITY] and tensions [CONDITION] with berlin [PLACE] forced london [PLACE] to work [ACTIVITY] more closely with paris [PLACE] . raised to the peerage [COLLECTION] as viscount haldane [PERSON] in 1911 , he was lord chancellor [PERSON] between 1912 and 1915 , when he was forced to resign because of allegations [ACT] of german sympathies [PERSON] . he later joined the labour party [FORCE] and again served as lord chancellor [PERSON] in 1924 in the first labour administration [ARRANGEMENT] . apart from his legal and political careers [STATE] , haldane [PERSON] was an influential writer [PERSON] on philosophy [GROUP] , in recognition [ACT] of which he was elected a fellow [EVENT] of the british academy [INSTITUTION] in 1914 . background [INFORMATION] and education haldane [PERSON] was born at 17 charlotte square [PLACE] , edinburgh [INSTITUTION] , the son [PERSON] of robert haldane [PERSON] and his wife mary elizabeth [PERSON] , daughter [PERSON] of richard burdon-sanderson . he was the grandson [PERSON] of the scottish evangelist james alexander haldane [PERSON] , the brother [PERSON] of respiratory physiologist john scott haldane [PERSON] , sir william haldane [PERSON] and author elizabeth haldane [PERSON] , and the uncle [PERSON] of j. b. s. haldane [PERSON] , robert haldane [PERSON] makgill [PERSON] and naomi mitchison [PERSON] . he received his first education [PROCESS] at the edinburgh academy [INSTITUTION] , and then at the university [INSTITUTION] of göttingen [INSTITUTION] . he gained a first and ma at university [INSTITUTION] of edinburgh [INSTITUTION] where he received first-class honours [UNKNOWN] in philosophy [GROUP] and was gray scholar [PERSON] and ferguson scholar [PERSON] . after studying law [PERSON] in london [PLACE] , he was called to the bar [PLACE] by lincoln [PERSON] 's inn [BODY] , in 1879 , and became a successful lawyer [PERSON] . he was taken on at 5 new square chambers [PLACE] by horace [PERSON] davey in 1882 as the junior [PERSON] . haldane [PERSON] 's practice [COLLECTION] was a specialism [CONCEPT] in conveyancing ; a particular skill [SKILL] for pleadings [ACT] at appeal and tribunal cases [STUDY] , bringing cases [STUDY] to the privy council [HUMAN GROUP] and house [PLACE] of lords [PERSON] . by 1890 he had become a queen [PERSON] 's counsel [PERSON] . by 1905 he was earning £20,000 per annum [TIME PERIOD] at the bar [PLACE] ( equivalent [ABSTRACT ENTITY] to £2.7 million in 2023 ) . he became a bencher [PERSON] at lincoln [PERSON] 's inn [BODY] in 1893 . amongst his early friends [FUNCTION] was edmund gosse [PERSON] , the librarian [PERSON] of the house [PLACE] of lords library [PLACE] . haldane [PERSON] was a deep thinker [PERSON] , an unusual breed [RACE] : a philosopher-politician . during his stay [PERSON] at göttingen [INSTITUTION] he expanded an interest [ACT] in the german philosophers [PERSON] , schopenhauer [PERSON] and hegel [PERSON] . he had refused a place [PLACE] at balliol [PERSON] , but in nodding respect [EVENT] for the master [PERSON] and philosopher [PERSON] , t. h. green [PERSON] , he dedicated his essays [UNKNOWN] in philosophical criticism [ACT] to him . early political career [STATE] a cousin [PERSON] , the whig politician [PERSON] lord camperdown [PERSON] encouraged the young barrister [PERSON] into standing as a liberal [PERSON] at the general election [PROCESS] of 1880 . although not elected that year haldane [PERSON] joined the eighty club [INSTITUTION] , a political dining [EVENT] and discussion club [INSTITUTION] formed in 1879 . membership [BODY] was restricted to liberals [PERSON] under the age [PROPERTY] of forty . in 1881 haldane [PERSON] met h. h. asquith [PERSON] , and they soon became firm friends [FUNCTION] often meeting [ACTIVITY] at the blue post [UNKNOWN] public house [PLACE] on cork street [PLACE] . they were founders [PERSON] of the albert grey [PERSON] committee [HUMAN GROUP] , named after albert grey [PERSON] , regularly discussing burning social issues [ACTION] , such as education [PROCESS] . in november [PERIOD] 1885 , haldane [PERSON] was elected liberal member [PERSON] of parliament [HUMAN GROUP] for haddingtonshire [PLACE] , a seat [ABSTRACT ENTITY] he held until 1911 . the philosopher-politician wrote several articles [UNKNOWN] for the advanced and progressive contemporary review [ACT] . in october [PERIOD] 1888 , " the liberal [PERSON] creed [PERSON] " was published summarising his belief [TRUST] in the direction [DIRECTION] of new liberalism [BODY] . in the 1890 article [ARTICLE] " the eight hours question [QUESTION] " haldane [PERSON] rejected the idea [ACT] of the eight-hour day [PERIOD] . in 1888 , he courted emma valentine ferguson [PERSON] , sister [PERSON] of his liberal party [FORCE] friend [PERSON] , ronald munro-ferguson ; she broke off the engagement [STATE] and subsequently lampooned him in her novel [EVENT] betsy in 1892 . haldane [PERSON] became firmly ensconced in the imperialist [PERSON] wing [PERSON] of liberalism [BODY] , led by sir edward grey [PERSON] . at the 1892 general election [PROCESS] , he received a shock [EVENT] when nearly defeated by the liberal unionist [PERSON] , walter hepburne-scott , master [PERSON] of polwarth [UNKNOWN] . beatrice webb [PERSON] , the socialist [PERSON] who was a close intimate [PERSON] , remarked on how alone haldane [PERSON] was in the world [PLACE] . haldane [PERSON] added the preface [ABILITY] to leonard hobhouse [PERSON] 's the labour movement [HUMAN GROUP] in 1893 . emma ferguson [PERSON] died insane [UNKNOWN] in 1897 . webb [PERSON] remarked , " he had pathos [UNKNOWN] in his personality [STATE] , a successful lawyer [PERSON] tinged with socialism [GROUP] . " liberal [PERSON] imperialist [PERSON] focusing on his writings [EVENT] , haldane [PERSON] was passed over for political office [PLACE] , being the only one of his group [GROUP] left out [WORD] in the wilderness [INSTITUTION] . haldane [PERSON] remained an ally of asquith [PERSON] and grey [PERSON] in the liberal imperialist [PERSON] wing [PERSON] of the party [FORCE] , followers [PERSON] of lord rosebery [PERSON] rather than of sir william harcourt [PERSON] . rosebery [PERSON] admired haldane [PERSON] 's intellect [FORM] , and the scotsman [PERSON] urged upon his friend [PERSON] , whom he had known since 1886 , an assault [UNKNOWN] on tory power [POWER] in the lords [PERSON] in 1894 . haldane [PERSON] joined friends [FUNCTION] at the articles club [INSTITUTION] , including asquith [PERSON] and grey [PERSON] . haldane [PERSON] was disappointed having failed to secure the post [UNKNOWN] of solicitor-general in october [PERIOD] 1894 . asquith [PERSON] wryly remarked " a very wrong decision [DECISION] come to upon inadequate grounds [UNKNOWN] . " haldane [PERSON] was sounded out [WORD] for the speakership [UNKNOWN] by rosebery [PERSON] , but refused it , declaring it to be a political death [EVENT] . at a meeting [ACTIVITY] with beatrice webb [PERSON] haldane [PERSON] told her he was disconsolate at the condition [CONDITION] of the liberal party [FORCE] : " rot [PERSON] has set [SET] in there is no hope [EVENT] now but to be beaten and then reconstruct a new party [FORCE] " . the leaders [PERSON] of the party [FORCE] were exasperated and believed rosebery [PERSON] to lack planning [UNKNOWN] and direction [DIRECTION] . " although asquith [PERSON] , grey [PERSON] and i " , wrote haldane [PERSON] , " stuck by him... we never knew when he would retire and leave us in the lurch [PERSON] " . when rosebery [PERSON] offered the speakership [UNKNOWN] , he refused it that march [PERIOD] . however , on 11 october [PERIOD] 1896 , he wrote to rosebery [PERSON] that he " was the leader [PERSON] of a revolution [STUDY] in our party [FORCE] " . on 11 august [PERIOD] 1902 , haldane [PERSON] was admitted to the privy council [HUMAN GROUP] , following an announcement [EVENT] of the king [PERSON] 's intention [PROCESS] to make the appointment [DECISION] in the 1902 coronation honours [UNKNOWN] list [ACT] , published in june [PERIOD] that year [PERIOD] . the king [PERSON] used his influence [ELEMENT] and charm [PERSON] to cultivate allies [PERSON] , bringing cross-party groups like the souls [PERSON] together in consensual amity [EVENT] . balfour [PERSON] 's administration [ARRANGEMENT] leant on haldane [PERSON] 's philosophy [GROUP] for educational reforms [AMOUNT] . after the conservative government [GOVERNMENT] of arthur balfour [PERSON] fell in december [PERIOD] 1905 there was some speculation [ACT] that asquith [PERSON] and his allies [PERSON] haldane [PERSON] and grey [PERSON] would refuse to serve unless henry campbell-bannerman accepted a peerage [COLLECTION] , which would have left asquith [PERSON] as the real leader [PERSON] in the house [PLACE] of commons [UNKNOWN] . haldane [PERSON] had suggested involving the king [PERSON] at balmoral [PERSON] to ' kick cb upstairs [UNKNOWN] ' . however , the plot [RESOURCE] ( called " the relugas compact [AGREEMENT] " after grey [PERSON] 's scottish lodge [SEQUENCE] where the men [PERSON] met ) collapsed when asquith [PERSON] agreed to serve as chancellor [PERSON] of the exchequer [AMOUNT] under campbell-bannerman . haldane [PERSON] wrote , " one longs [PERSON] for rosebery [PERSON] had he been coming in to his right [UNKNOWN] place [PLACE] at the head [HEAD] of affairs [ACTION] , we could have gone anywhere with confidence [EMOTION] . but it seems now as if this were not to be and we have to do the only thing [ENTITY] we can do , which is to resolutely follow a plan [PLAN] of concerted action [ACTION] " . on 13 december [PERIOD] 1905 , haldane [PERSON] was appointed secretary [PERSON] of state [STATE] for war [EVENT] , but he may [PERIOD] have been offered the jobs [PROCESS] of attorney-general and home secretary [PERSON] . ( grey [PERSON] became foreign secretary [PERSON] ) . unity [DOCUMENT PART] in the liberals [PERSON] helped them obtain the largest electoral majority [PROPERTY] in the party [FORCE] 's history [SITUATION] in the 1906 general election [PROCESS] . secretary [PERSON] of state [STATE] for war [EVENT] as early as january [PERIOD] 1906 haldane [PERSON] was persuaded by fellow [EVENT] liberal imperialist [PERSON] edward grey [PERSON] to begin planning [UNKNOWN] for a continental war [EVENT] in support [ACT] of the french [PLACE] against the germans [UNKNOWN] . however , haldane [PERSON] 's first estimates [PLACE] reduced the army [HUMAN GROUP] by 16,600 men [PERSON] and reduced expenditure [ACT] by £2.6m to £28 million , as the liberals [PERSON] had been elected on a platform [PLACE] of retrenchment [STUDY] . by 1914 britain spent [PLACE] 3.4 % of national income [DISEASE] on defence [PERSON] , little more in absolute terms [TERM] than austria-hungary 's 6.1 % . army expenditure [ACT] was determined according to a formula [EVENT] devised by the esher committee [HUMAN GROUP] . in 1900 , during the boer war [EVENT] , army expenditure [ACT] was £86.8m , by 1910 ( a low point [PLACE] , after four years [PERIOD] of cuts [STATE] under the liberals [PERSON] ) it had dropped to £27.6m and by 1914 it had risen back to £29.4m . in march [PERIOD] 1914 effective expenditure [ACT] on the army [HUMAN GROUP] , after allowing for increased pensions [INSTANCE] and £1m set [SET] aside for military aviation [VEHICLE] , was still less than in 1907-8 , and £2m less than in 1905-6 ( despite a 20 % rise in prices [AMOUNT] since then ) . in october [PERIOD] 1907 haldane [PERSON] was intimately involved with the negotiations [PROCESS] at windsor [PLACE] with kaiser wilhelm ii [PERSON] . the germanophile [UNKNOWN] and linguist [VERTEBRATE] was thrilled to be summoned at 1 am to talk with the emperor [PERSON] over whisky [UNKNOWN] on arms reduction principles [NATURE] . but the import [FORM] was the berlin-baghdad railway [SYSTEM] which germany [PLACE] was hoping to construct with british [UNKNOWN] approval . a fluent [PERSON] german-speaker , haldane [PERSON] was lulled into a false sense [SOUND] of security [FORCE] believing ' like a bear [PERSON] with a sore head [HEAD] ' that he had won a great deal [SITUATION] . another such conference [ACT] took place [PLACE] at balmoral [PERSON] in september [PERIOD] 1909 . but the kaiser [PERSON] , refusing to converse with a mere secretary [PERSON] , arrogantly insisted that only the king [PERSON] was of equal rank [RANK] . despite the budgetary constraints [CONDITION] , haldane [PERSON] implemented a wide-ranging set [SET] of reforms [AMOUNT] of the army [HUMAN GROUP] , aimed at preparing the army [HUMAN GROUP] for an imperial war [EVENT] but with the more likely ( and secret [FORM] ) task [UNKNOWN] of a european war [EVENT] . the main element [ELEMENT] of this was the establishment [ACT] of the british [UNKNOWN] expeditionary force [FORCE] of six infantry divisions [PROCESS] and one cavalry division [PROCESS] . the official historian brigadier james edmonds [PERSON] later wrote that " in every respect [EVENT] the expeditionary force [FORCE] of 1914 was incomparably the best trained , best organised and best equipped british army [HUMAN GROUP] ever to leave these shores [LAND] " haldane [PERSON] at west point [PLACE] sometime before the great war [EVENT] . richard haldane [PERSON] leaving reviewing grounds [UNKNOWN] with clarence page townsley [PERSON] : capt e.r householder [PERSON] ; capt e.r. gregory army [HUMAN GROUP] reforms [AMOUNT] main article [ARTICLE] : haldane reforms [AMOUNT] haldane [PERSON] set [SET] up the imperial general staff [PLACE] . before haldane [PERSON] , there was only the defence committee [HUMAN GROUP] of the cabinet [ACT] , which met only in emergencies [SITUATION] , and the colonial defence committee [HUMAN GROUP] [HUMAN GROUP] . esher [PERSON] had recommended the setting up of an army council [HUMAN GROUP] and the abolition [QUALITY] of the post [UNKNOWN] of commander-in-chief , but few of his recommendations [EVENT] had been implemented before the change [UNKNOWN] of government [GOVERNMENT] in december [PERIOD] 1905 . haldane [PERSON] 's reforms [AMOUNT] also created the territorial force [FORCE] of 14 divisions [PROCESS] ( the original plan [PLAN] was for 28 ) and 14 mounted yeomanry brigades [USE] at home [PLACE] , the officer [PERSON] training [UNKNOWN] corps [GROUP] and the special reserve [ABSTRACT ENTITY] . in all the reforms [AMOUNT] , haldane [PERSON] worked closely at the war office [PLACE] with major-general haig [PERSON] . by coincidence [EVENT] , both men [PERSON] had been born in charlotte square [PLACE] , in edinburgh [INSTITUTION] . j. a . spender [PERSON] later wrote of how haldane [PERSON] got the best work [ACTIVITY] out [WORD] of an able but verbally-incoherent soldier [UNKNOWN] ( thought [UNKNOWN] to refer to haig [PERSON] ) by not scoring verbal points [UNKNOWN] off him , as many politicians [PERSON] would have done . usually critical , rosebery [PERSON] remarked on haldane [PERSON] 's interest [ACT] in philosophy [GROUP] , declaring : " i have read his secret memorandum [NUMBER] , and that was enough " . in 1907 and 1908 , haldane [PERSON] passed far-reaching reforms [AMOUNT] to army management [ARRANGEMENT] . he was accredited as an efficient bureaucratic leader [PERSON] , notably founding [NUMBER] the territorial army [HUMAN GROUP] in a second memorandum [NUMBER] . his reforms [AMOUNT] re-oriented british [UNKNOWN] military policy [RULE] , revamped army [HUMAN GROUP] organization [INSTITUTION] along the lines [PERSON] of the german general staff [GOVERNMENT] , upgraded the training [UNKNOWN] of the auxiliary forces [UNKNOWN] , and created an efficient and economically run service [INSTITUTION] . those reforms [AMOUNT] enabled britain [PLACE] to send some 120,000 men [PERSON] to france [PLACE] in fifteen days [PERIOD] in august [PERIOD] 1914 . haldane [PERSON] was also instrumental in the creation [EVENT] the advisory committee [HUMAN GROUP] for aeronautics [RULE] in 1909 , which provided the fledgling aircraft industry [INSTITUTION] in the united kingdom [PLACE] with a sound body [BODY] of science [STUDY] on which to base the development [SUBSTANCE] of aircraft [VEHICLE] for the next seventy years [PERIOD] ( it was disbanded in 1979 ) . philosopher-politician throughout his long career [STATE] and association [INSTITUTION] with the modernisers [UNKNOWN] or ' limps ' haldane [PERSON] used his considerable intellect [FORM] to great advantage [CONDITION] against economy [STUDY] . a radical liberal [PERSON] , haldane [PERSON] was also , according to historian martin [PERSON] pugh , one of the " best supporters [PERSON] " of david lloyd george [PERSON] 's " people [HUMAN GROUP] 's budget [DOCUMENT PART] . " during the constitutional [ABSTRACT ENTITY] and budget crisis [EVENT] of 1909-11 , haldane [PERSON] advised his friend [PERSON] and prime minister [HUMAN ROLE] , asquith [PERSON] on the legal niceties [ABSTRACT ENTITY] of his stance [PROPERTY] towards the monarch [PERSON] , who was outraged at the firebrand speeches [SPEECH] from churchill [PERSON] and lloyd george [PERSON] . stumbling from illness [ILLNESS] to illness [ILLNESS] , haldane [PERSON] 's own bad health [PROPERTY] was similar to king edward [PERSON] 's declining fortunes [STATE] . the viscount haldane [PERSON] , lord chancellor [PERSON] , 1912 two elections [PROCESS] ensued , one in january [PERIOD] and another in december [PERIOD] 1910 , before in 1911 he was raised to the peerage [COLLECTION] as viscount haldane [PERSON] , of cloan [UNKNOWN] in the county [PLACE] of perth [PLACE] . he became leader [PERSON] in the lords [PERSON] , responsible for the passage [PERSON] of the parliament act [ACT] . on lord loreburn [PERSON] 's retirement [ACT] in june [PERIOD] 1912 , haldane [PERSON] succeeded him as lord chancellor [PERSON] , making a self-deprecating speech [SPEECH] as to his abilities [UNKNOWN] as a legal expert [PERSON] . haldane mission [PERSON] of 1912 to berlin main article [ARTICLE] [ARTICLE] : haldane mission [PERSON] 1912 saw the unsuccessful attempt [ACTION] of the haldane mission [PERSON] , an effort [ACTION] to quell the friction [FORCE] between britain [PLACE] and germany [PLACE] arising because of their escalating naval arms race [RACE] . the mission [PERSON] was a failure [ABSTRACT ENTITY] because the germans [UNKNOWN] would agree to slow the tempo [ACT] of its warship construction [ABSTRACT ENTITY] only if britain [PLACE] promised to remain neutral if germany [PLACE] should become engaged in a war [EVENT] where " germany [PLACE] could not be said to be the aggressor [PERSON] . " above all berlin [PLACE] wanted britain [PLACE] to remain neutral in a war [EVENT] between germany [PLACE] and france [PLACE] . that carried an unacceptable risk [STATEMENT] encouraging germany [PLACE] to go to war [EVENT] with france [PLACE] or russia [PLACE] and taking control [GROUP] of the continent [VALUE] . first world [PLACE] war [EVENT] in march [PERIOD] 1914 haldane [PERSON] 's successor [NUMBER] at the war office [PLACE] , jack seely [PERSON] , resigned following the curragh incident [EVENT] . rather than appoint a successor [NUMBER] , asquith [PERSON] decided to take over responsibility [RESPONSIBILITY] for the war office [PLACE] directly himself . asquith [PERSON] relied heavily on haldane [PERSON] as the previous war secretary [PERSON] and empowered him to carry out [WORD] tasks [UNKNOWN] at the war office [PLACE] on his behalf [PERSON] . as the situation [SITUATION] in europe [PLACE] worsened , asquith [PERSON] kept haldane [PERSON] abreast of developments [SUBSTANCE] with sir edward grey [PERSON] at the foreign office [PLACE] . haldane [PERSON] was one of the first members [PERSON] of the cabinet [ACT] to recognise that war [EVENT] with germany [PLACE] was inevitable and persuaded asquith [PERSON] to mobilise by assembly of the army council [HUMAN GROUP] on 3 august [PERIOD] . with war imminent [UNKNOWN] , asquith [PERSON] was happy for haldane [PERSON] to continue at the war office [PLACE] formally as secretary [PERSON] of state [STATE] for war [EVENT] , but haldane [PERSON] persuaded him to appoint field marshal kitchener [PERSON] . following the outbreak [OCCURRENCE] of the first world [PLACE] war [EVENT] haldane [PERSON] was falsely accused of pro-german sympathies [PERSON] , in july [PERIOD] 1914 , for hosting albert ballin [PERSON] , a german shipping magnate [PERSON] and unofficial mediator [PERSON] between germany [PLACE] and britain [PLACE] . the accusations [AMOUNT] were widely believed and were even echoed in a popular music hall song [ARTWORK] ( " all dressed up and nowhere to go " ) in the revue [FORM] " mr manhattan [PLACE] " . he was harried in particular by beaverbrook [PERSON] 's daily express [IMAGE] , which gave great publicity [PERSON] to the claim [AMOUNT] by professor onkel [UNKNOWN] of heidelberg [PLACE] that he had said " germany [PLACE] was his spiritual [PERSON] home [PLACE] " . he had in fact [UNKNOWN] said that about professor hermann lotze [PERSON] 's classroom [ROOM] at göttingen [INSTITUTION] at a dinner party [FORCE] given by mrs humphry ward [PERSON] in april [PERIOD] 1913 to enable him to meet some german professors [UNKNOWN] during his mission [PERSON] . in 1915 asquith [PERSON] ranked his cabinet [ACT] , putting haldane [PERSON] only sixth of the inner cabinet members [PERSON] . dismissal [PERSON] from office [PLACE] following the shell crisis [EVENT] and the resignation [ACT] of lord fisher [PLACE] , in may [PERIOD] 1915 the liberals [PERSON] were obliged to form a coalition government [GOVERNMENT] with the conservatives [UNKNOWN] who , under the leadership [PERSON] of bonar law [PERSON] , insisted on the removal [PROCESS] of winston churchill [PERSON] as first lord [PERSON] of the admiralty [FORCE] and the dismissal [PERSON] of haldane [PERSON] . haldane [PERSON] 's removal [PROCESS] was on account [PERMISSION] of the popularity [ACT] of the press [INSTITUTION] 's campaign [OCCURRENCE] relating to haldane [PERSON] 's alleged pro-german sympathies [PERSON] . neither the former prime minister arthur balfour [PERSON] [PERSON] , haldane [PERSON] 's closest friend [PERSON] amongst the conservatives [UNKNOWN] , nor asquith [PERSON] , the liberal [PERSON] prime minister [HUMAN ROLE] of the day [PERIOD] and haldane [PERSON] 's closest political ally and friend [PERSON] for over 30 years [PERIOD] , did anything [ANYTHING] to resist bonar law [PERSON] 's demands [EVENT] . roy jenkins [PERSON] in his biography [SEQUENCE] of asquith [PERSON] describes the charges [AMOUNT] as " absolute nonsense [PURPOSE] " and max egremont [UNKNOWN] describes balfour [PERSON] as " knowing the injustice [POWER] behind the charges [AMOUNT] " and " being privately indignant " . to the detriment [INJURY] of their relationship [RELATIONSHIP] , asquith [PERSON] gave no personal expression [UNKNOWN] to haldane [PERSON] . jenkins [PERSON] describes the omission [INSTANCE] as " the most uncharacteristic fault [QUANTITY] of asquith [PERSON] 's whole career [STATE] " attributing it to asquith [PERSON] suffering the " indescribable blow [INSTANCE] " of the surprise announcement [EVENT] of the engagement [STATE] of the woman [PERSON] he loved , venetia stanley [PERSON] , to one of his government ministers [PERSON] , edwin montagu [PERSON] . following his departure [ACT] from the government haldane [PERSON] went to the front [PLACE] to meet his old friend general haig [PERSON] , and his cousin [PERSON] , general aylmer haldane [PERSON] , but he was exhausted on being ejected from cabinet [ACT] . having been awarded the order [ACT] of merit [STATEMENT] in 1915 , in the personal gift [PERSON] of george v [PERSON] , he wrote a memorandum [NUMBER] of events [UNKNOWN] , 1906-15 , to defend his reputation [REPUTATION] . it was published in april [PERIOD] 1916 . haldane [PERSON] thought [UNKNOWN] lloyd george [PERSON] 's new government [GOVERNMENT] , formed in december [PERIOD] 1916 , " very low class [UNKNOWN] " . haldane [PERSON] told lord buckmaster [PERSON] at this time [PERIOD] , " asquith [PERSON] is a first-class head [HEAD] of a deliberative council [HUMAN GROUP] . he is versed in precedents [EVENT] , acts [ACT] on principle [PERSON] , and knows how and when to compromise [AGREEMENT] . lloyd george [PERSON] knows nothing [PERSON] for precedents [EVENT] and cares [PERSON] for no principles [NATURE] , but he has fire [FIRE] in his belly [UNKNOWN] and that is what we want . " as the war [EVENT] progressed haldane [PERSON] moved increasingly close to the labour party [FORCE] , but he was held back by his ties [PERSON] to the liberal party [FORCE] and to asquith [PERSON] . when the irish war [EVENT] of independence [QUALITY] broke out [WORD] in 1919 , haldane [PERSON] was one of the first british [UNKNOWN] politicians [PERSON] to argue that the solution [OCCURRENCE] lay in compromise [AGREEMENT] rather than force [FORCE] . contribution [EVENT] to canadian [UNKNOWN] constitutional [ABSTRACT ENTITY] law as lord chancellor [PERSON] [PERSON] , haldane [PERSON] was a member [PERSON] of the judicial committee [HUMAN GROUP] of the privy council [HUMAN GROUP] , at that time [PERIOD] the court [EVENT] of last resort [PLACE] for the empire [STATE] . he retained the position [POSITION] even when he was no longer chancellor [PERSON] . he sat on several cases [STUDY] from canada [PLACE] dealing with the division [PROCESS] of powers [POWER] between the federal and provincial governments [GOVERNMENT] under the canadian constitution [ACT] , particularly the interplay [RELATIONSHIP] between sections [ACT] 91 and 92 of the british north america act [ACT] 1867 . he gave the decision [DECISION] for the judicial committee [HUMAN GROUP] in several of those cases [STUDY] , and showed a marked tendency [TENDENCY] to favour the provincial powers [POWER] at the expense [ACT] of the federal government [GOVERNMENT] . for instance [INSTANCE] , in the case [STUDY] of in re the board [BODY] of commerce act [ACT] , 1919 , and the combines [UNKNOWN] and fair prices [AMOUNT] act [ACT] , he gave the decision [DECISION] striking down federal legislation [PERSON] which attempted to regulate the economy [STUDY] , challenging the legality [PROPERTY] of the canadian [UNKNOWN] legislature [BODY] . in doing so , he gave very restrictive readings [PROPERTY] to both the " peace [STATE] , order [ACT] and good government [GOVERNMENT] " power [POWER] of the federal government [GOVERNMENT] , as well as the federal criminal law power [POWER] . similarly , in toronto electric commissioners v. snider [PERSON] , lord haldane [PERSON] struck down a federal statute [PERSON] attempting to regulate industrial disputes [DISPUTE] , holding that it was not within federal authority [STATUS] under either the peace [STATE] , order [ACT] and good government power [POWER] , nor the federal trade [PROCESS] and commerce power [POWER] . he went so far as to suggest that the trade [PROCESS] and commerce power [POWER] was simply an ancillary federal power [POWER] , which could not authorise legislation [PERSON] in its own right [UNKNOWN] . the effects [EFFECT] of some of these decisions [DECISION] have subsequently been modified by later decisions [DECISION] of the judicial committee [HUMAN GROUP] and the supreme court [EVENT] of canada [PLACE] , but they have had the long-term effect [EFFECT] of recognising substantial provincial powers [POWER] . haldane [PERSON] 's approach [ACT] to the division [PROCESS] of powers [POWER] was heavily criticised by some academics [EVENT] and lawyers [PERSON] in canada [PLACE] , such as f. r. scott [PERSON] and chief justice bora laskin [PERSON] , as unduly favouring the provinces [ENTITY] over the federal government [GOVERNMENT] and depriving it of the powers [POWER] needed to deal [SITUATION] with modern economic issues [ACTION] . more recently , one major study [STUDY] has characterised him as " the wicked stepfather [PERSON] " of the canadian constitution [ACT] . influence [ELEMENT] on education [PROCESS] in 1895 , haldane [PERSON] helped the webbs [UNKNOWN] found the london school [INSTITUTION] of economics [STUDY] . a fundamental believer [PERSON] in the power [POWER] of improving education [PROCESS] , he prepared the london university [INSTITUTION] act [ACT] 1898 . the philosophy [GROUP] of ' national efficiency [QUALITY] ' was central feature [PERSON] of the hegelian [UNKNOWN] complex [STRUCTURE] , and the ideas [ACT] of schopenhauer [PERSON] , he had learnt on the continent [VALUE] , that accentuated freedom [PERSON] and decentralisation [UNKNOWN] from an historicist [PERSON] 's perspective [SOUND] . his moral centrism [CONCEPT] sought to unify the new liberalism [BODY] , as he published it in contemporary review [ACT] . from a pan-european perspective [SOUND] he analysed the german character [EVENT] and economic advances [EVENT] towards militarism [BODY] . he was largely responsible for the cross-party support [ACT] for balfour [PERSON] 's education act [ACT] 1902 . he told rosebery [PERSON] " a sense [SOUND] of nation [PERSON] is working towards ...a great centre party [FORCE] . " he was also involved in the founding [NUMBER] of imperial college [INSTITUTION] in 1907 and in his honour [UNKNOWN] the university [INSTITUTION] contained the haldane recreational library [PLACE] , which now forms part of the main library collection [COLLECTION] . haldane [PERSON] was a member [PERSON] of the coefficients [UNKNOWN] dining [EVENT] club [INSTITUTION] of social reformers [PERSON] set [SET] up in 1902 by the fabian campaigners sidney and beatrice webb [PERSON] . he wrote a biography [SEQUENCE] of adam smith [PERSON] , extolling the virtues [PERSON] of free trade [PROCESS] . unlike joseph chamberlain [PERSON] he thought [UNKNOWN] there was no strong connection [SET] between fiscal and imperial unity [DOCUMENT PART] . he opposed any attempt [ACTION] to protection [ACT] of british [UNKNOWN] trade [PROCESS] . in 1904 , he was president [PERSON] of the edinburgh sir walter [PERSON] scott club [INSTITUTION] and gave the toast [EVENT] to sir walter [PERSON] at the club [INSTITUTION] 's annual dinner [FOOD] , addressing " the dedicated life [EVENT] " to a group [GROUP] of students [PERSON] on 10 january [PERIOD] 1907 . he also served as second [EVENT] chancellor [PERSON] of the university [INSTITUTION] of bristol [INSTITUTION] where he made an important address [UNKNOWN] titled " the civic university [INSTITUTION] " outlining his educational philosophy [GROUP] in 1911 . at the end [UNKNOWN] of his life lord haldane [PERSON] [PERSON] was elected chancellor [PERSON] of the university [INSTITUTION] of st andrews [INSTITUTION] in june [PERIOD] 1928 . perhaps his greatest speech [SPEECH] on education [PROCESS] was made in house [PLACE] of lords [PERSON] on 12 july [PERIOD] 1916 , at the height [QUALITY] of the terrible slaughter [EVENT] on the western front [PLACE] . writings haldane [PERSON] co-translated the first english edition [PERSON] of schopenhauer [PERSON] 's the world [PLACE] as will [UNKNOWN] and representation [ACT] , published between 1883 and 1886 . he wrote several philosophical works [UNKNOWN] , the best known of which is the reign [PLACE] of relativity [ACT] ( 1921 ) , which dealt with the philosophical implications [PERSON] of the theory [COGNITIVE STATE] of relativity [ACT] . haldane [PERSON] published " the pathway [PERSON] to reality [PERSON] " , based on the gifford lectures [PERSON] which he had delivered at the university [INSTITUTION] of st andrews [INSTITUTION] . some of his public addresses [UNKNOWN] have also been published , including the future [VALUE] of democracy [QUALITY] ( 1918 ) . * the pathway [PERSON] to reality [PERSON] . london [PLACE] : john murray [PERSON] . 1903 . * the pathway [PERSON] to reality [PERSON] : stage [STAGE] the second [EVENT] . new york [PLACE] : e. p. dutton [PERSON] and co. 1904 . army reform [AMOUNT] and other addresses [UNKNOWN] ( 1907 ) the conduct [ACT] of life [EVENT] , and other addresses [UNKNOWN] . london [PLACE] . 1914 . before the war. 1920 . the reign [PLACE] of relativity [ACT] . toronto : macmillan [PERSON] . 1921 . the philosophy [GROUP] of humanism [ACTION] and of other subjects [EVENT] . toronto : macmillan [PERSON] . 1922 . human experience [COGNITIVE STATE] : a study [STUDY] of its structure [STRUCTURE] . e.p. dutton [PERSON] . 1926 . papers [PERSON] and photographs [PICTURE] of richard burdon haldane [PERSON] , 1st viscount haldane [PERSON] , and of the haldane family [HUMAN GROUP] . , national library [PLACE] of scotland an autobiography [PLACE] . london [PLACE] : hodder [PERSON] and stoughton [PERSON] . 1929 . oclc [UNKNOWN] 771158008 . ol 19765733w. personal life [EVENT] portrait by philip de lászló [PERSON] , 1928 haldane [PERSON] had health problems [EVENT] all his life [EVENT] . he suffered from bad rheumatism [CONDITION] , a stigmata [UNKNOWN] in the eye [PERSON] and in 1909 , he had to take bed rest [STATE] when going blind from iritis [UNKNOWN] . a lifelong walker [PERSON] and cigar smoker [PERSON] , he was diagnosed diabetic . " the latter [UNKNOWN] is a large , fat man [PERSON] " was haig [PERSON] 's initial impression [INSTANCE] of a dignified but portly demeanour . yet , added haig [PERSON] , " one seems to like the man [PERSON] at once . " having worked on the army regulations [UNKNOWN] of 1909 , haig [PERSON] applauded " a most clear headed and practical man--very ready to listen and weigh carefully all that is said to him . " osbert sitwell [PERSON] described him as " entering a room [ROOM] with the air [AIR] of a whole procession [STATE] " . leo amery [PERSON] said he looked like " the old-fashioned family butler [PERSON] " . another imperialist [PERSON] , winston churchill [PERSON] also respected haldane [PERSON] , although they were from differing social backgrounds [INFORMATION] . on promoting churchill [PERSON] to first lord [PERSON] of the admiralty [FORCE] , asquith [PERSON] advised him to seek haldane [PERSON] 's advice [DECISION] at a meeting [ACTIVITY] held at archerfield [UNKNOWN] , north berwick [PLACE] . from 1907 to 1908 , he was president [PERSON] of the aristotelian society [INSTITUTION] . haldane [PERSON] remained a lifelong bachelor [PERSON] after his fiancée [UNKNOWN] , miss valentine ferguson [PERSON] , broke off their engagement [STATE] . he died suddenly of heart disease [DISEASE] at his home [PLACE] in auchterarder [UNKNOWN] , scotland [PLACE] , on 19 august [PERIOD] 1928 , aged 72 . the viscountcy [UNKNOWN] became extinct on his death [EVENT] . later years [PERIOD] in december [PERIOD] 1918 , lloyd george [PERSON] appointed haldane chairman [PERSON] of ' the machinery [GROUP] of government [GOVERNMENT] ' committee [HUMAN GROUP] . however , the armistice [EVENT] had taken all impetus out [WORD] of the reform agenda [ACTION] . this work [ACTIVITY] led to the idea [ACT] that decisions [DECISION] about what to spend research [EVENT] funds on should be made by researchers [PERSON] rather than politicians [PERSON] being named the haldane principle [PERSON] . at the time [PERIOD] of the paisley by-election of january [PERIOD] 1920 haldane [PERSON] was in the process [PROCESS] of shifting his sympathies [PERSON] from liberal [PERSON] to labour [PERSON] , and was wrongly thought [UNKNOWN] to have endorsed labour [PERSON] ( earning a rebuke [ACT] from margot asquith [PERSON] , whom haldane [PERSON] thought [UNKNOWN] " tiresome [UNKNOWN] because she is ignorant " , to his aged mother [PERSON] ) . in fact [UNKNOWN] he favoured asquith [PERSON] 's election [PROCESS] on a personal level [DOCUMENT] . being a fluent [PERSON] german speaker [PROCESS] , ascetic philosopher [PERSON] and atheist [PERSON] , he played host [INSTITUTION] to albert einstein [PERSON] , when he visited london [PLACE] in 1921 . as president [PERSON] of the institute [INSTITUTION] of public administration [ARRANGEMENT] , he was a leading intellectual [PERSON] on the philosophy [GROUP] of governance [PROCESS] . " the reign [PLACE] of relativity [ACT] " combined haldane [PERSON] 's love [PERSON] of all things [ACTIVITY] german expressed by goethe [PLACE] and his works [UNKNOWN] , with the hegelian [UNKNOWN] military-industrial complex [STRUCTURE] . haldane [PERSON] admired the fact [UNKNOWN] that germans [UNKNOWN] were " trained to obey " . hegel [PERSON] 's aristocratic desire [EVENT] for law [PERSON] and order [ACT] and defence [PERSON] of property [PROPERTY] against revolution [STUDY] had a mathematical symmetry [SIMILARITY] . hegel [PERSON] was a purist [PERSON] : his work [ACTIVITY] attempted to keep science [STUDY] and philosophy [GROUP] apart . the rising tide [TENDENCY] of new liberalism [BODY] and moral realism [INSTANCE] was for haldane [PERSON] , hegel [PERSON] 's philological precept [RULE] to improve behaviour [UNKNOWN] , using the empiricism [PERSON] of scientific data [ABSTRACT ENTITY] as a proof [FORCE] . haldane [PERSON] refused to join the platform [PLACE] for asquith [PERSON] 's speech [SPEECH] at westminster central hall [PLACE] in january [PERIOD] 1922 . he stated that his main interest [ACT] in public life [EVENT] was now education reform [AMOUNT] and that the cause [CAUSE] was not best served by endorsing the liberal party [FORCE] . it was not until the general election [PROCESS] of 1923 that haldane [PERSON] formally sided with labour [PERSON] , and made several speeches [SPEECH] on behalf [PERSON] of labour candidates [AMOUNT] . when the labour government [GOVERNMENT] was formed by ramsay macdonald [PERSON] in early 1924 , haldane [PERSON] served once again as lord chancellor [PERSON] . he was also joint leader [PERSON] of the labour peers [PERSON] with lord parmoor [PERSON] . haldane [PERSON] was a vital member [PERSON] of the cabinet [ACT] as he was one of only three members [PERSON] who had sat in a cabinet [ACT] before . haldane [PERSON] was responsible for drafting the london university [INSTITUTION] act [ACT] 1926 , purchasing properties [PROPERTY] in euston [PERSON] . he made some famous speeches [SPEECH] at toynbee hall [PLACE] for the annual american seminar [GROUP] . arms caption [CONDITION] : coat [ABSTRACT ENTITY] of arms [LANGUAGE] of richard haldane [PERSON] , 1st viscount haldane [PERSON] crest an eagle [PERSON] 's head [HEAD] erased or . escutcheon quarterly [ACTION] 1st & 4th argent [PERSON] a saltire [UNKNOWN] engrailed sable [PERSON] ( haldane [PERSON] ) ; 2nd argent [PERSON] a saltire [UNKNOWN] between four roses gules [PERSON] ( lennox [PERSON] ) ; 3rd or a bend chequy sable [PERSON] & argent [PERSON] ( menteith [UNKNOWN] ) ; in the centre [UNKNOWN] of the quarters [EVENT] a crescent sable [PERSON] , all within a bordure [UNKNOWN] or . motto suffer orders order [ACT] of the thistle order [ACT] of merit [STATEMENT] ( not pictured ) legacy in november [PERIOD] 1923 lord birkenhead [PLACE] , the conservative politician [PERSON] , praised haldane [PERSON] 's contribution [EVENT] to britain [PLACE] 's preparedness [STATE] for the first world [PLACE] war [EVENT] : in the welter [FORCE] of sentimentality [ACT] , amid [PERSON] which great britain [PLACE] might easily have mouldered into ruin [CONDITION] , my valued colleague [PERSON] , lord haldane [PERSON] , presented a figure [FIGURE] alike interesting , individual , and arresting . in speech [SPEECH] fluent [PERSON] and even infinite he yielded to no living idealist [PERSON] in the easy coinage [ABSTRACT ENTITY] of sentimental phraseology [STUDY] . here , indeed , he was a match [FORM] for those who distributed the chloroform [COMPOUND] of berlin [PLACE] . do we not remember , for instance [INSTANCE] , that germany [PLACE] was his spiritual [PERSON] home [PLACE] ? but he none the less prepared himself , and the empire [STATE] , to talk when the time [PERIOD] came with his spiritual [PERSON] friends [FUNCTION] in language [LANGUAGE] not in the least spiritual [PERSON] . he devised the territorial army [HUMAN GROUP] , which was capable of becoming the easy nucleus [POSITION] of national conscription [UNIT] , and which unquestionably ought to have been used for that purpose [PURPOSE] at the outbreak [OCCURRENCE] of war [EVENT] . he created the imperial general staff [PLACE] . he founded the officers [PERSON] ' training [UNKNOWN] corps [GROUP] . — lord birkenhead [PLACE] ( n.d. ) , idealism [FORM] in international politics [ACT] . a rectorial address [UNKNOWN] , delivered on november [PERIOD] 23rd ( pdf [UNKNOWN] ) , peterborough : the peterborough press [INSTITUTION] , p. 9 on haldane [PERSON] 's death [EVENT] the times [UNKNOWN] described him as " one of the most powerful , subtle and encyclopaedic intellects [FORM] ever devoted to the public service [INSTITUTION] of his country [PLACE] " . the military historian correlli barnett [PERSON] claimed that haldane [PERSON] had " all-round personal talents [EVENT] far exceeding those of his predecessors [GROUP] " as secretary [PERSON] of state [STATE] for war [EVENT] and that he was " a man [PERSON] of first-class intellect [FORM] and wide education [PROCESS] " . walter reid [PERSON] believed haldane [PERSON] to be the greatest of the secretaries [EVENT] for war [EVENT] . decided cases [STUDY] * heilbut , symons [PERSON] & co v buckleton ukhl [UNKNOWN] 2 , no damages [EVENT] for non-fraudulent misrepresentation [INSTANCE] , reversed by hedley byrne [PERSON] * british westinghouse electric [AMOUNT] and manufacturing co v underground electric railway [SYSTEM] co of london ac [PLACE] 673 , 689 , on mitigation [ACT] * kreglinger v new patagonia meat [MEAT] & cold storage co ltd ukhl [UNKNOWN] 1 , no clog [CONCEPT] on equity [PROPERTY] of redemption [ACT] * sinclair v brougham ac [PERSON] 398 , priority [PERSON] for depositors [PERSON] over shareholders [PERSON] * nocton v lord ashburton ac [PERSON] 932 , fiduciary duty [QUALITY] of giving non-negligent advice [DECISION] * dunlop pneumatic tyre co ltd v selfridge [PERSON] & co ltd ukhl [UNKNOWN] 1 , no right [UNKNOWN] to enforce resale price maintenance [PERSON] without a contract [PERSON] * lennard [PERSON] 's carrying co ltd v asiatic petroleum co ltd ac [PERSON] 705 , directors [INSTITUTION] are presumed to be the controlling minds [FIGURE] of the company [INSTITUTION] * cook v deeks ukpc [PERSON] 10 , no conflicts [EVENT] of interest [ACT] for company [INSTITUTION] directors [INSTITUTION] * jones v jones 2 ac 487 * great west saddlery company [INSTITUTION] limited and others v [UNKNOWN] the king ukpc [PERSON] 27 * macedo v stroud ac [PERSON] 330 , property transfer [UNKNOWN] * jasperson v dominion tobacco co ac [PERSON] 709 , interference [STATE] with contractual relations [RELATION] * lake v simmons ac 487

Objects found

Id Form Freq Tag Context Error
1haldane80PERSON british politician and judge the right honourable the viscount haldane kt om pc frs fsa fba haldane in 1919 lord chancellor
2asquith24PERSON asquith preceded by the earl loreburn succeeded by the lord buckmaster
3war17EVENT in office 22 january 1924 - 3 november 1924 prime minister ramsay macdonald preceded by the marquess curzon of kedleston succeeded by the marquess curzon of kedleston secretary of state for war
4germany11PLACE that led to his role in seeking detente with germany in 1912 in the haldane mission .
5philosophy9GROUP apart from his legal and political careers , haldane was an influential writer on philosophy , in recognition of which he was elected a fellow of the british academy in 1914 .
6rosebery8PERSON haldane remained an ally of asquith and grey in the liberal imperialist wing of the party , followers of lord rosebery rather than of sir william harcourt .
7government8GOVERNMENT after the conservative government of arthur balfour fell in december 1905 there was some speculation that asquith and his allies haldane and grey would refuse to serve unless henry campbell-bannerman accepted a peerage , which would have left asquith as the real leader in the house of commons .
8secretary7PERSON in office 22 january 1924 - 3 november 1924 prime minister ramsay macdonald preceded by the marquess curzon of kedleston succeeded by the marquess curzon of kedleston secretary of state for war
9reforms7AMOUNT he was secretary of state for war between 1905 and 1912 during which time the " haldane reforms " of the british army were implemented .
10education7PROCESS education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
11state7STATE in office 22 january 1924 - 3 november 1924 prime minister ramsay macdonald preceded by the marquess curzon of kedleston succeeded by the marquess curzon of kedleston secretary of state for war
12london6PLACE beyond his military contributions , haldane was a significant figure in education , contributing to the founding of institutions such as imperial college london and the london school of economics .
13university6INSTITUTION education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
14grey6PERSON they were founders of the albert grey committee , named after albert grey , regularly discussing burning social issues , such as education .
15britain6PLACE by 1914 britain spent 3.4 % of national income on defence , little more in absolute terms than austria-hungary 's 6.1 % .
16lord chancellor6PERSON british politician and judge the right honourable the viscount haldane kt om pc frs fsa fba haldane in 1919 lord chancellor
17december6PERIOD in office 10 december 1905 - 12 june 1912 prime minister sir henry campbell-bannerman h. h. asquith preceded by h. o. arnold-forster succeeded by colonel j.e.b . seely member of the house of lords lord temporal hereditary peerage 27 march 1911 - 19 august 1928 member of parliament for haddingtonshire
18cabinet6ACT before haldane , there was only the defence committee of the cabinet , which met only in emergencies , and the colonial defence committee .
19house6PLACE in office 22 january 1924 - 6 november 1924 monarch george v prime minister ramsay macdonald preceded by the viscount cave succeeded by the viscount cave leader of the house of lords
20august6PERIOD in office 10 december 1905 - 12 june 1912 prime minister sir henry campbell-bannerman h. h. asquith preceded by h. o. arnold-forster succeeded by colonel j.e.b . seely member of the house of lords lord temporal hereditary peerage 27 march 1911 - 19 august 1928 member of parliament for haddingtonshire
21war office5PLACE in all the reforms , haldane worked closely at the war office with major-general haig .
22party5FORCE auchterarder , scotland political party liberal ( 1879-1923 ) labour ( 1923-1928 )
23lords5PERSON in office 22 january 1924 - 6 november 1924 monarch george v prime minister ramsay macdonald preceded by the viscount cave succeeded by the viscount cave leader of the house of lords
24powers5POWER he sat on several cases from canada dealing with the division of powers between the federal and provincial governments under the canadian constitution , particularly the interplay between sections 91 and 92 of the british north america act 1867 .
25time5PERIOD he was secretary of state for war between 1905 and 1912 during which time the " haldane reforms " of the british army were implemented .
26liberals5PERSON membership was restricted to liberals under the age of forty .
27leader5PERSON in office 22 january 1924 - 6 november 1924 monarch george v prime minister ramsay macdonald preceded by the viscount cave succeeded by the viscount cave leader of the house of lords
28cases5STUDY haldane 's practice was a specialism in conveyancing ; a particular skill for pleadings at appeal and tribunal cases , bringing cases to the privy council and house of lords .
29sympathies4PERSON raised to the peerage as viscount haldane in 1911 , he was lord chancellor between 1912 and 1915 , when he was forced to resign because of allegations of german sympathies .
30men4PERSON scottish lodge where the men met ) collapsed when asquith agreed to serve as chancellor of the exchequer under campbell-bannerman .
31march4PERIOD in office 10 december 1905 - 12 june 1912 prime minister sir henry campbell-bannerman h. h. asquith preceded by h. o. arnold-forster succeeded by colonel j.e.b . seely member of the house of lords lord temporal hereditary peerage 27 march 1911 - 19 august 1928 member of parliament for haddingtonshire
32liberal4PERSON auchterarder , scotland political party liberal ( 1879-1923 ) labour ( 1923-1928 )
33haig4PERSON in all the reforms , haldane worked closely at the war office with major-general haig .
34trade4PROCESS similarly , in toronto electric commissioners v. snider , lord haldane struck down a federal statute attempting to regulate industrial disputes , holding that it was not within federal authority under either the peace , order and good government power , nor the federal trade and commerce power .
35labour4PERSON auchterarder , scotland political party liberal ( 1879-1923 ) labour ( 1923-1928 )
36order4ACT having been awarded the order of merit in 1915 , in the personal gift of george v , he wrote a memorandum of events , 1906-15 , to defend his reputation .
37home4PLACE on 13 december 1905 , haldane was appointed secretary of state for war , but he may have been offered the jobs of attorney-general and home secretary . ( grey became foreign secretary ) .
38life4EVENT in 1904 , he was president of the edinburgh sir walter scott club and gave the toast to sir walter at the club 's annual dinner , addressing " the dedicated life " to a group of students on 10 january 1907 .
39king4PERSON on 11 august 1902 , haldane was admitted to the privy council , following an announcement of the king 's intention to make the appointment in the 1902 coronation honours list , published in june that year .
40years4PERIOD in 1900 , during the boer war , army expenditure was £86.8m , by 1910 ( a low point , after four years of cuts under the liberals ) it had dropped to £27.6m and by 1914 it had risen back to £29.4m .
41relativity4ACT he wrote several philosophical works , the best known of which is the reign of relativity ( 1921 ) , which dealt with the philosophical implications of the theory of relativity .
42chancellor4PERSON british politician and judge the right honourable the viscount haldane kt om pc frs fsa fba haldane in 1919 lord chancellor
43hegel4PERSON during his stay at göttingen he expanded an interest in the german philosophers , schopenhauer and hegel .
44lloyd george4PERSON a radical liberal , haldane was also , according to historian martin pugh , one of the " best supporters " of david lloyd george 's " people 's budget . "
45interest4ACT during his stay at göttingen he expanded an interest in the german philosophers , schopenhauer and hegel .
46viscount haldane4PERSON british politician and judge the right honourable the viscount haldane kt om pc frs fsa fba haldane in 1919 lord chancellor
47edinburgh4INSTITUTION december 1885 - 27 march 1911 preceded by hugo charteris succeeded by john hope personal details born ( 1856-07-30) 30 july 1856 edinburgh , scotland died 19
48army4HUMAN GROUP he was secretary of state for war between 1905 and 1912 during which time the " haldane reforms " of the british army were implemented .
49member4PERSON in office 10 december 1905 - 12 june 1912 prime minister sir henry campbell-bannerman h. h. asquith preceded by h. o. arnold-forster succeeded by colonel j.e.b . seely member of the house of lords lord temporal hereditary peerage 27 march 1911 - 19 august 1928 member of parliament for haddingtonshire
50haldane mission4PERSON that led to his role in seeking detente with germany in 1912 in the haldane mission .
51friend4PERSON in 1888 , he courted emma valentine ferguson , sister of his liberal party friend , ronald munro-ferguson ; she broke off the engagement and subsequently lampooned him in her novel betsy in 1892 .
52mission3PERSON that led to his role in seeking detente with germany in 1912 in the haldane mission .
53territorial army3HUMAN GROUP as secretary of state of war , he was instrumental in founding mi5 , mi6 , the territorial army , the british expeditionary force , and the royal air force .
54berlin3PLACE the mission was a failure and tensions with berlin forced london to work more closely with paris .
55october3PERIOD in october 1888 , " the liberal creed " was published summarising his belief in the direction of new liberalism .
56july3PERIOD december 1885 - 27 march 1911 preceded by hugo charteris succeeded by john hope personal details born ( 1856-07-30) 30 july 1856 edinburgh , scotland died 19
57friends3FUNCTION amongst his early friends was edmund gosse , the librarian of the house of lords library .
58pathway3PERSON haldane published " the pathway to reality " , based on the gifford lectures which he had delivered at the university of st andrews .
59balfour3PERSON balfour 's administration leant on haldane 's philosophy for educational reforms .
60germans3UNKNOWN haldane was persuaded by fellow liberal imperialist edward grey to begin planning for a continental war in support of the french against the germans .
61engagement3STATE in 1888 , he courted emma valentine ferguson , sister of his liberal party friend , ronald munro-ferguson ; she broke off the engagement and subsequently lampooned him in her novel betsy in 1892 .
62canada3PLACE he sat on several cases from canada dealing with the division of powers between the federal and provincial governments under the canadian constitution , particularly the interplay between sections 91 and 92 of the british north america act 1867 .
63politicians3PERSON j. a . spender later wrote of how haldane got the best work out of an able but verbally-incoherent soldier ( thought to refer to haig ) by not scoring verbal points off him , as many politicians would have done .
64new liberalism3PLACE in october 1888 , " the liberal creed " was published summarising his belief in the direction of new liberalism .
65president3PERSON in 1904 , he was president of the edinburgh sir walter scott club and gave the toast to sir walter at the club 's annual dinner , addressing " the dedicated life " to a group of students on 10 january 1907 .
66liberal party3FORCE in 1888 , he courted emma valentine ferguson , sister of his liberal party friend , ronald munro-ferguson ; she broke off the engagement and subsequently lampooned him in her novel betsy in 1892 .
67judicial committee3HUMAN GROUP contribution to canadian constitutional law as lord chancellor , haldane was a member of the judicial committee of the privy council , at that time the court of last resort for the empire .
68election3PROCESS a cousin , the whig politician lord camperdown encouraged the young barrister into standing as a liberal at the general election of 1880 .
69addresses3UNKNOWN some of his public addresses have also been published , including
70reign3PLACE he wrote several philosophical works , the best known of which is the reign of relativity ( 1921 ) , which dealt with the philosophical implications of the theory of relativity .
71schopenhauer3PERSON during his stay at göttingen he expanded an interest in the german philosophers , schopenhauer and hegel .
72scotland3PLACE december 1885 - 27 march 1911 preceded by hugo charteris succeeded by john hope personal details born ( 1856-07-30) 30 july 1856 edinburgh , scotland died 19
73fact3UNKNOWN he had in fact said that about professor hermann lotze 's classroom at göttingen at a dinner party given by mrs humphry ward in april 1913 to enable him to meet some german professors during his mission .
74reality3PERSON haldane published " the pathway to reality " , based on the gifford lectures which he had delivered at the university of st andrews .
75speech3SPEECH on lord loreburn 's retirement in june 1912 , haldane succeeded him as lord chancellor , making a self-deprecating speech as to his abilities as a legal expert .
76place3PLACE he had refused a place at balliol , but in nodding respect for the master and philosopher , t. h. green , he dedicated his essays in philosophical criticism to him .
77göttingen3INSTITUTION education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
78decision3DECISION asquith wryly remarked " a very wrong decision come to upon inadequate grounds . "
79lawyer3PERSON education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
80january3PERIOD in office 22 january 1924 - 6 november 1924 monarch george v prime minister ramsay macdonald preceded by the viscount cave succeeded by the viscount cave leader of the house of lords
81privy council3HUMAN GROUP haldane 's practice was a specialism in conveyancing ; a particular skill for pleadings at appeal and tribunal cases , bringing cases to the privy council and house of lords .
82head3HEAD haldane wrote , " one longs for rosebery had he been coming in to his right place at the head of affairs , we could have gone anywhere with confidence .
83philosopher3PERSON education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
84career3STATE early political career
85peerage3COLLECTION in office 10 december 1905 - 12 june 1912 prime minister sir henry campbell-bannerman h. h. asquith preceded by h. o. arnold-forster succeeded by colonel j.e.b . seely member of the house of lords lord temporal hereditary peerage 27 march 1911 - 19 august 1928 member of parliament for haddingtonshire
86philosopher politician3PERSON
87france3PLACE those reforms enabled britain to send some 120,000 men to france in fifteen days in august 1914 .
88argent3PERSON coat of arms of richard haldane , 1st viscount haldane crest an eagle 's head erased or . escutcheon quarterly 1st & 4th argent a saltire engrailed sable ( haldane ) ; 2nd argent a saltire between four roses gules ( lennox ) ; 3rd or a bend chequy sable & argent ( menteith ) ; in the centre of the quarters a crescent sable , all within a bordure or . motto suffer orders order of the thistle order of merit ( not pictured )
89work3ACTIVITY the mission was a failure and tensions with berlin forced london to work more closely with paris .
90intellect3FORM rosebery admired haldane 's intellect , and the scotsman urged upon his friend , whom he had known since 1886 , an assault on tory power in the lords in 1894 .
91death3EVENT haldane was sounded out for the speakership by rosebery , but refused it , declaring it to be a political death .
92man3PERSON " the latter is a large , fat man " was haig 's initial impression of a dignified but portly demeanour .
93power3POWER rosebery admired haldane 's intellect , and the scotsman urged upon his friend , whom he had known since 1886 , an assault on tory power in the lords in 1894 .
94decisions3DECISION the effects of some of these decisions have subsequently been modified by later decisions of the judicial committee and the supreme court of canada , but they have had the long-term effect of recognising substantial provincial powers .
95june3PERIOD in office 10 june 1912 - 25 may 1915 monarch george v prime minister h. h.
96members2PERSON haldane was one of the first members of the cabinet to recognise that war with germany was inevitable and persuaded asquith to mobilise by assembly of the army council on 3 august .
97science2STUDY haldane was also instrumental in the creation the advisory committee for aeronautics in 1909 , which provided the fledgling aircraft industry in the united kingdom with a sound body of science on which to base the development of aircraft for the next seventy years ( it was disbanded in 1979 ) .
98legislation2PERSON for instance , in the case of in re the board of commerce act , 1919 , and the combines and fair prices act , he gave the decision striking down federal legislation which attempted to regulate the economy , challenging the legality of the canadian legislature .
99press2INSTITUTION haldane 's removal was on account of the popularity of the press 's campaign relating to haldane 's alleged pro-german sympathies .
100figure2FIGURE beyond his military contributions , haldane was a significant figure in education , contributing to the founding of institutions such as imperial college london and the london school of economics .
101removal2PROCESS dismissal from office following the shell crisis and the resignation of lord fisher , in may 1915 the liberals were obliged to form a coalition government with the conservatives who , under the leadership of bonar law , insisted on the removal of winston churchill as first lord of the admiralty and the dismissal of haldane .
102charlotte square2PLACE education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
103british expeditionary force2FORCE as secretary of state of war , he was instrumental in founding mi5 , mi6 , the territorial army , the british expeditionary force , and the royal air force .
104april2PERIOD he had in fact said that about professor hermann lotze 's classroom at göttingen at a dinner party given by mrs humphry ward in april 1913 to enable him to meet some german professors during his mission .
105support2ACT haldane was persuaded by fellow liberal imperialist edward grey to begin planning for a continental war in support of the french against the germans .
106first world war2EVENT first world war
107successor2NUMBER in march 1914 haldane 's successor at the war office , jack seely , resigned following the curragh incident .
108failure2ABSTRACT ENTITY the mission was a failure and tensions with berlin forced london to work more closely with paris .
109inn2BODY after studying law in london , he was called to the bar by lincoln 's inn , in 1879 , and became a successful lawyer .
110continent2VALUE that carried an unacceptable risk encouraging germany to go to war with france or russia and taking control of the continent .
111defence2PERSON by 1914 britain spent 3.4 % of national income on defence , little more in absolute terms than austria-hungary 's 6.1 % .
112economics2STUDY beyond his military contributions , haldane was a significant figure in education , contributing to the founding of institutions such as imperial college london and the london school of economics .
113st andrews2INSTITUTION at the end of his life lord haldane was elected chancellor of the university of st andrews in june 1928 .
114beatrice webb2PERSON at a meeting with beatrice webb haldane told her he was disconsolate at the condition of the liberal party : " rot has set in there is no hope now but to be beaten and then reconstruct a new party " .
115meeting2ACTIVITY in 1881 haldane met h. h. asquith , and they soon became firm friends often meeting at the blue post public house on cork street .
116grounds2UNKNOWN asquith wryly remarked " a very wrong decision come to upon inadequate grounds . "
117divisions2PROCESS force of six infantry divisions and one cavalry division .
118sable2PERSON coat of arms of richard haldane , 1st viscount haldane crest an eagle 's head erased or . escutcheon quarterly 1st & 4th argent a saltire engrailed sable ( haldane ) ; 2nd argent a saltire between four roses gules ( lennox ) ; 3rd or a bend chequy sable & argent ( menteith ) ; in the centre of the quarters a crescent sable , all within a bordure or . motto suffer orders order of the thistle order of merit ( not pictured )
119winston churchill2PERSON dismissal from office following the shell crisis and the resignation of lord fisher , in may 1915 the liberals were obliged to form a coalition government with the conservatives who , under the leadership of bonar law , insisted on the removal of winston churchill as first lord of the admiralty and the dismissal of haldane .
120british army2HUMAN GROUP he was secretary of state for war between 1905 and 1912 during which time the " haldane reforms " of the british army were implemented .
121biography2SEQUENCE roy jenkins in his biography of asquith describes the charges as " absolute nonsense " and max egremont describes balfour as " knowing the injustice behind the charges " and " being privately indignant " .
122world2PLACE webb , the socialist who was a close intimate , remarked on how alone haldane was in the world .
123speakership2UNKNOWN haldane was sounded out for the speakership by rosebery , but refused it , declaring it to be a political death .
124revolution2STUDY however , on 11 october 1896 , he wrote to rosebery that he " was the leader of a revolution in our party " .
125group2GROUP liberal imperialist focusing on his writings , haldane was passed over for political office , being the only one of his group left out in the wilderness .
126issues2ACTION they were founders of the albert grey committee , named after albert grey , regularly discussing burning social issues , such as education .
127merit2STATEMENT having been awarded the order of merit in 1915 , in the personal gift of george v , he wrote a memorandum of events , 1906-15 , to defend his reputation .
128club2INSTITUTION club , a political dining and discussion club formed in 1879 .
129address2UNKNOWN he also served as second chancellor of the university of bristol where he made an important address titled " the civic university " outlining his educational philosophy in 1911 .
130right2UNKNOWN british politician and judge the right honourable the viscount haldane kt om pc frs fsa fba haldane in 1919 lord chancellor
131contemporary review2ACT the philosopher-politician wrote several articles for the advanced and progressive contemporary review .
132behalf2PERSON asquith relied heavily on haldane as the previous war secretary and empowered him to carry out tasks at the war office on his behalf .
133direction2DIRECTION in october 1888 , " the liberal creed " was published summarising his belief in the direction of new liberalism .
134division2PROCESS force of six infantry divisions and one cavalry division .
135lincoln2PERSON after studying law in london , he was called to the bar by lincoln 's inn , in 1879 , and became a successful lawyer .
136macmillan2PERSON toronto : macmillan . 1921 .
137empire2STATE contribution to canadian constitutional law as lord chancellor , haldane was a member of the judicial committee of the privy council , at that time the court of last resort for the empire .
138london school2INSTITUTION beyond his military contributions , haldane was a significant figure in education , contributing to the founding of institutions such as imperial college london and the london school of economics .
139january haldane2PERSON
140speeches2SPEECH during the constitutional and budget crisis of 1909-11 , haldane advised his friend and prime minister , asquith on the legal niceties of his stance towards the monarch , who was outraged at the firebrand speeches from churchill and lloyd george .
141imperial general staff2PLACE haldane leaving reviewing grounds with clarence page townsley : capt e.r householder ; capt e.r. gregory army reforms main article : haldane reforms haldane set up the imperial general staff .
142haddingtonshire2PLACE in office 10 december 1905 - 12 june 1912 prime minister sir henry campbell-bannerman h. h. asquith preceded by h. o. arnold-forster succeeded by colonel j.e.b . seely member of the house of lords lord temporal hereditary peerage 27 march 1911 - 19 august 1928 member of parliament for haddingtonshire
143illness2ILLNESS stumbling from illness to illness , haldane 's own bad health was similar to king edward 's declining fortunes .
144intellectual2PERSON as an intellectual he was fascinated with german thought .
145london university act2ACT a fundamental believer in the power of improving education , he prepared the london university act 1898 .
146balmoral2PERSON haldane had suggested involving the king at balmoral to ' kick cb upstairs ' .
147churchill2PERSON during the constitutional and budget crisis of 1909-11 , haldane advised his friend and prime minister , asquith on the legal niceties of his stance towards the monarch , who was outraged at the firebrand speeches from churchill and lloyd george .
148imperialist2PERSON haldane became firmly ensconced in the imperialist wing of liberalism , led by sir edward grey .
149commerce power2POWER similarly , in toronto electric commissioners v. snider , lord haldane struck down a federal statute attempting to regulate industrial disputes , holding that it was not within federal authority under either the peace , order and good government power , nor the federal trade and commerce power .
150economy2STUDY throughout his long career and association with the modernisers or ' limps ' haldane used his considerable intellect to great advantage against economy .
151platform2PLACE however , haldane 's first estimates reduced the army by 16,600 men and reduced expenditure by £2.6m to £28 million , as the liberals had been elected on a platform of retrenchment .
152conservatives2UNKNOWN dismissal from office following the shell crisis and the resignation of lord fisher , in may 1915 the liberals were obliged to form a coalition government with the conservatives who , under the leadership of bonar law , insisted on the removal of winston churchill as first lord of the admiralty and the dismissal of haldane .
153service2INSTITUTION his reforms re-oriented british military policy , revamped army organization along the lines of the german general staff , upgraded the training of the auxiliary forces , and created an efficient and economically run service .
154master2PERSON he had refused a place at balliol , but in nodding respect for the master and philosopher , t. h. green , he dedicated his essays in philosophical criticism to him .
155bonar law2PERSON dismissal from office following the shell crisis and the resignation of lord fisher , in may 1915 the liberals were obliged to form a coalition government with the conservatives who , under the leadership of bonar law , insisted on the removal of winston churchill as first lord of the admiralty and the dismissal of haldane .
156corps2GROUP force of 14 divisions ( the original plan was for 28 ) and 14 mounted yeomanry brigades at home , the officer training corps and the special reserve .
157sir edward grey2PERSON haldane became firmly ensconced in the imperialist wing of liberalism , led by sir edward grey .
158attempt2ACTION haldane mission of 1912 to berlin main article : haldane mission 1912 saw the unsuccessful attempt of the haldane mission , an effort to quell the friction between britain and germany arising because of their escalating naval arms race .
159founding2NUMBER as secretary of state of war , he was instrumental in founding mi5 , mi6 , the territorial army , the british expeditionary force , and the royal air force .
160politician2PERSON british politician and judge the right honourable the viscount haldane kt om pc frs fsa fba haldane in 1919 lord chancellor
161marquess curzon2PERSON in office 22 january 1924 - 3 november 1924 prime minister ramsay macdonald preceded by the marquess curzon of kedleston succeeded by the marquess curzon of kedleston secretary of state for war
162respect2EVENT he had refused a place at balliol , but in nodding respect for the master and philosopher , t. h. green , he dedicated his essays in philosophical criticism to him .
163november2PERIOD in office 22 january 1924 - 6 november 1924 monarch george v prime minister ramsay macdonald preceded by the viscount cave succeeded by the viscount cave leader of the house of lords
164outbreak2OCCURRENCE following the outbreak of the first world war haldane was falsely accused of pro-german sympathies , in july 1914 , for hosting albert ballin , a german shipping magnate and unofficial mediator between germany and britain .
165bar2PLACE after studying law in london , he was called to the bar by lincoln 's inn , in 1879 , and became a successful lawyer .
166richard burdon haldane2PERSON education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
167office december2PERIOD
168day2PERIOD haldane rejected the idea of the eight-hour day .
169instance2INSTANCE for instance , in the case of in re the board of commerce act , 1919 , and the combines and fair prices act , he gave the decision striking down federal legislation which attempted to regulate the economy , challenging the legality of the canadian legislature .
170labour party2FORCE he later joined the labour party and again served as lord chancellor in 1924 in the first labour administration .
171army council2HUMAN GROUP esher had recommended the setting up of an army council and the abolition of the post of commander-in-chief , but few of his recommendations had been implemented before the change of government in december 1905 .
172idea2ACT haldane rejected the idea of the eight-hour day .
173lord buckmaster2PERSON asquith preceded by the earl loreburn succeeded by the lord buckmaster
174peace2STATE in doing so , he gave very restrictive readings to both the " peace , order and good government " power of the federal government , as well as the federal criminal law power .
175precedents2EVENT he is versed in precedents , acts on principle , and knows how and when to compromise .
176contribution2EVENT contribution to canadian constitutional law as lord chancellor , haldane was a member of the judicial committee of the privy council , at that time the court of last resort for the empire .
177unity2DOCUMENT PART unity in the liberals helped them obtain the largest electoral majority in the party 's history in the 1906 general election .
178plan2PLAN but it seems now as if this were not to be and we have to do the only thing we can do , which is to resolutely follow a plan of concerted action " .
179charges2AMOUNT roy jenkins in his biography of asquith describes the charges as " absolute nonsense " and max egremont describes balfour as " knowing the injustice behind the charges " and " being privately indignant " .
180office2PLACE in office 10 june 1912 - 25 may 1915 monarch george v prime minister h. h.
181saltire2UNKNOWN coat of arms of richard haldane , 1st viscount haldane crest an eagle 's head erased or . escutcheon quarterly 1st & 4th argent a saltire engrailed sable ( haldane ) ; 2nd argent a saltire between four roses gules ( lennox ) ; 3rd or a bend chequy sable & argent ( menteith ) ; in the centre of the quarters a crescent sable , all within a bordure or . motto suffer orders order of the thistle order of merit ( not pictured )
182canadian constitution2ACT he sat on several cases from canada dealing with the division of powers between the federal and provincial governments under the canadian constitution , particularly the interplay between sections 91 and 92 of the british north america act 1867 .
183parliament2HUMAN GROUP in office 10 december 1905 - 12 june 1912 prime minister sir henry campbell-bannerman h. h. asquith preceded by h. o. arnold-forster succeeded by colonel j.e.b . seely member of the house of lords lord temporal hereditary peerage 27 march 1911 - 19 august 1928 member of parliament for haddingtonshire
184general election2PROCESS a cousin , the whig politician lord camperdown encouraged the young barrister into standing as a liberal at the general election of 1880 .
185study2STUDY more recently , one major study has characterised him as " the wicked stepfather " of the canadian constitution .
186lord haldane2PERSON similarly , in toronto electric commissioners v. snider , lord haldane struck down a federal statute attempting to regulate industrial disputes , holding that it was not within federal authority under either the peace , order and good government power , nor the federal trade and commerce power .
187expenditure2ACT however , haldane 's first estimates reduced the army by 16,600 men and reduced expenditure by £2.6m to £28 million , as the liberals had been elected on a platform of retrenchment .
188advice2DECISION on promoting churchill to first lord of the admiralty , asquith advised him to seek haldane 's advice at a meeting held at archerfield , north berwick .
189works2UNKNOWN he wrote several philosophical works , the best known of which is the reign of relativity ( 1921 ) , which dealt with the philosophical implications of the theory of relativity .
190sense2SOUND a fluent german-speaker , haldane was lulled into a false sense of security believing ' like a bear with a sore head ' that he had won a great deal .
191law2PERSON after studying law in london , he was called to the bar by lincoln 's inn , in 1879 , and became a successful lawyer .
192office january2PERIOD
193directors2INSTITUTION lennard 's carrying co ltd v asiatic petroleum co ltd ac 705 , directors are presumed to be the controlling minds of the company *
194cousin2PERSON a cousin , the whig politician lord camperdown encouraged the young barrister into standing as a liberal at the general election of 1880 .
195admiralty2FORCE dismissal from office following the shell crisis and the resignation of lord fisher , in may 1915 the liberals were obliged to form a coalition government with the conservatives who , under the leadership of bonar law , insisted on the removal of winston churchill as first lord of the admiralty and the dismissal of haldane .
196post2UNKNOWN in 1881 haldane met h. h. asquith , and they soon became firm friends often meeting at the blue post public house on cork street .
197auchterarder2UNKNOWN auchterarder , scotland political party liberal ( 1879-1923 ) labour ( 1923-1928 )
198first lord2PERSON dismissal from office following the shell crisis and the resignation of lord fisher , in may 1915 the liberals were obliged to form a coalition government with the conservatives who , under the leadership of bonar law , insisted on the removal of winston churchill as first lord of the admiralty and the dismissal of haldane .
199novel1EVENT in 1888 , he courted emma valentine ferguson , sister of his liberal party friend , ronald munro-ferguson ; she broke off the engagement and subsequently lampooned him in her novel betsy in 1892 .
200h. o. arnold forster1PERSON
201role1ROLE that led to his role in seeking detente with germany in 1912 in the haldane mission .
202interference1STATE company limited and others v the king ukpc 27 * macedo v stroud ac 330 , property transfer * jasperson v dominion tobacco co ac 709 , interference with contractual relations *
203fiancée1UNKNOWN haldane remained a lifelong bachelor after his fiancée , miss valentine ferguson , broke off their engagement .
204daily express1IMAGE he was harried in particular by beaverbrook 's daily express , which gave great publicity to the claim by professor onkel of heidelberg that he had said " germany was his spiritual home " .
205birkenhead1PLACE in november 1923 lord birkenhead , the conservative politician , praised haldane 's contribution to britain 's preparedness for the first world war : in the welter of sentimentality , amid which great britain might easily have mouldered into ruin , my valued colleague , lord haldane , presented a figure alike interesting , individual , and arresting .
206price maintenance1PERSON sinclair v brougham ac 398 , priority for depositors over shareholders * nocton v lord ashburton ac 932 , fiduciary duty of giving non-negligent advice * dunlop pneumatic tyre co ltd v selfridge & co ltd ukhl 1 , no right to enforce resale price maintenance without a contract *
207skill1SKILL haldane 's practice was a specialism in conveyancing ; a particular skill for pleadings at appeal and tribunal cases , bringing cases to the privy council and house of lords .
208legislature1BODY for instance , in the case of in re the board of commerce act , 1919 , and the combines and fair prices act , he gave the decision striking down federal legislation which attempted to regulate the economy , challenging the legality of the canadian legislature .
209research1EVENT this work led to the idea that decisions about what to spend research funds on should be made by researchers rather than politicians being named the haldane principle .
210aggressor1PERSON the mission was a failure because the germans would agree to slow the tempo of its warship construction only if britain promised to remain neutral if germany should become engaged in a war where " germany could not be said to be the aggressor . "
211horace1PERSON he was taken on at 5 new square chambers by horace
212collection1COLLECTION he was also involved in the founding of imperial college in 1907 and in his honour the university contained the haldane recreational library , which now forms part of the main library collection .
213set1SET at a meeting with beatrice webb haldane told her he was disconsolate at the condition of the liberal party : " rot has set in there is no hope now but to be beaten and then reconstruct a new party " .
214henry campbell bannerman1PERSON
215may1PERIOD in office 10 june 1912 - 25 may 1915 monarch george v prime minister h. h.
216george v1PERSON in office 10 june 1912 - 25 may 1915 monarch george v prime minister h. h.
217compromise1AGREEMENT he is versed in precedents , acts on principle , and knows how and when to compromise .
218rank1RANK but the kaiser , refusing to converse with a mere secretary , arrogantly insisted that only the king was of equal rank .
219imperial college london1PLACE beyond his military contributions , haldane was a significant figure in education , contributing to the founding of institutions such as imperial college london and the london school of economics .
220lennox1PERSON coat of arms of richard haldane , 1st viscount haldane crest an eagle 's head erased or . escutcheon quarterly 1st & 4th argent a saltire engrailed sable ( haldane ) ; 2nd argent a saltire between four roses gules ( lennox ) ; 3rd or a bend chequy sable & argent ( menteith ) ; in the centre of the quarters a crescent sable , all within a bordure or . motto suffer orders order of the thistle order of merit ( not pictured )
221britain spent1PLACE by 1914 britain spent 3.4 % of national income on defence , little more in absolute terms than austria-hungary 's 6.1 % .
222speculation1ACT after the conservative government of arthur balfour fell in december 1905 there was some speculation that asquith and his allies haldane and grey would refuse to serve unless henry campbell-bannerman accepted a peerage , which would have left asquith as the real leader in the house of commons .
223symons1PERSON heilbut , symons & co v buckleton ukhl 2 , no damages for non-fraudulent misrepresentation , reversed by hedley byrne * british westinghouse electric and manufacturing co v underground
224contributions1EVENT beyond his military contributions , haldane was a significant figure in education , contributing to the founding of institutions such as imperial college london and the london school of economics .
225idealism1FORM he founded the officers ' training corps . — lord birkenhead ( n.d. ) , idealism in international politics .
226photographs1PICTURE papers and photographs of richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , and of the haldane family . , national library of scotland an autobiography .
227speaker1PROCESS a fluent german speaker , haldane was lulled into a false sense of security believing ' like a bear with a sore head ' that he had won a great deal .
228membership1BODY membership was restricted to liberals under the age of forty .
229colonel j.e.b1PERSON in office 10 december 1905 - 12 june 1912 prime minister sir henry campbell-bannerman h. h. asquith preceded by h. o. arnold-forster succeeded by colonel j.e.b . seely member of the house of lords lord temporal hereditary peerage 27 march 1911 - 19 august 1928 member of parliament for haddingtonshire
230position1POSITION he retained the position even when he was no longer chancellor .
231centre1UNKNOWN he told rosebery " a sense of nation is working towards ...a great centre party . "
232recognition1ACT apart from his legal and political careers , haldane was an influential writer on philosophy , in recognition of which he was elected a fellow of the british academy in 1914 .
233westminster central hall1PLACE haldane refused to join the platform for asquith 's speech at westminster central hall in january 1922 .
234walter reid1PERSON walter reid believed haldane to be the greatest of the secretaries for war .
235walker1PERSON a lifelong walker and cigar smoker , he was diagnosed diabetic .
236tiresome1UNKNOWN at the time of the paisley by-election of january 1920 haldane was in the process of shifting his sympathies from liberal to labour , and was wrongly thought to have endorsed labour ( earning a rebuke from margot asquith , whom haldane thought " tiresome because she is ignorant " , to his aged mother ) .
237scotland an autobiography1PLACE papers and photographs of richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , and of the haldane family . , national library of scotland an autobiography .
238expression1UNKNOWN to the detriment of their relationship , asquith gave no personal expression to haldane .
239e.r. gregory army1HUMAN GROUP haldane leaving reviewing grounds with clarence page townsley : capt e.r householder ; capt e.r. gregory army reforms main article : haldane reforms haldane set up the imperial general staff .
240mitigation1ACT electric railway co of london ac 673 , 689 , on mitigation *
241pdf1UNKNOWN a rectorial address , delivered on november 23rd ( pdf ) , peterborough : the peterborough press , p. 9
242niceties1ABSTRACT ENTITY during the constitutional and budget crisis of 1909-11 , haldane advised his friend and prime minister , asquith on the legal niceties of his stance towards the monarch , who was outraged at the firebrand speeches from churchill and lloyd george .
243blow1INSTANCE jenkins describes the omission as " the most uncharacteristic fault of asquith 's whole career " attributing it to asquith suffering the " indescribable blow " of the surprise announcement of the engagement of the woman he loved , venetia stanley , to one of his government ministers , edwin montagu .
244quarters1EVENT coat of arms of richard haldane , 1st viscount haldane crest an eagle 's head erased or . escutcheon quarterly 1st & 4th argent a saltire engrailed sable ( haldane ) ; 2nd argent a saltire between four roses gules ( lennox ) ; 3rd or a bend chequy sable & argent ( menteith ) ; in the centre of the quarters a crescent sable , all within a bordure or . motto suffer orders order of the thistle order of merit ( not pictured )
245foreign office1PLACE as the situation in europe worsened , asquith kept haldane abreast of developments with sir edward grey at the foreign office .
246mediator1PERSON following the outbreak of the first world war haldane was falsely accused of pro-german sympathies , in july 1914 , for hosting albert ballin , a german shipping magnate and unofficial mediator between germany and britain .
247intimate1PERSON webb , the socialist who was a close intimate , remarked on how alone haldane was in the world .
248friction1FORCE haldane mission of 1912 to berlin main article : haldane mission 1912 saw the unsuccessful attempt of the haldane mission , an effort to quell the friction between britain and germany arising because of their escalating naval arms race .
249council1HUMAN GROUP haldane 's practice was a specialism in conveyancing ; a particular skill for pleadings at appeal and tribunal cases , bringing cases to the privy council and house of lords .
250cause1CAUSE he stated that his main interest in public life was now education reform and that the cause was not best served by endorsing the liberal party .
251field marshal kitchener1PERSON with war imminent , asquith was happy for haldane to continue at the war office formally as secretary of state for war , but haldane persuaded him to appoint field marshal kitchener .
252chloroform1COMPOUND here , indeed , he was a match for those who distributed the chloroform of berlin .
253account1PERMISSION haldane 's removal was on account of the popularity of the press 's campaign relating to haldane 's alleged pro-german sympathies .
254tensions1CONDITION the mission was a failure and tensions with berlin forced london to work more closely with paris .
255birthplace1LOCATION education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
256air1AIR as secretary of state of war , he was instrumental in founding mi5 , mi6 , the territorial army , the british expeditionary force , and the royal air force .
257cabinet members1PERSON asquith ranked his cabinet , putting haldane only sixth of the inner cabinet members .
258front1PLACE following his departure from the government haldane went to the front to meet his old friend general haig , and his cousin , general aylmer haldane , but he was exhausted on being ejected from cabinet .
259belief1TRUST in october 1888 , " the liberal creed " was published summarising his belief in the direction of new liberalism .
260office june1PERIOD
261beaverbrook1PERSON he was harried in particular by beaverbrook 's daily express , which gave great publicity to the claim by professor onkel of heidelberg that he had said " germany was his spiritual home " .
262souls1PERSON the king used his influence and charm to cultivate allies , bringing cross-party groups like the souls together in consensual amity .
263coalition government1GOVERNMENT dismissal from office following the shell crisis and the resignation of lord fisher , in may 1915 the liberals were obliged to form a coalition government with the conservatives who , under the leadership of bonar law , insisted on the removal of winston churchill as first lord of the admiralty and the dismissal of haldane .
264budget crisis1EVENT during the constitutional and budget crisis of 1909-11 , haldane advised his friend and prime minister , asquith on the legal niceties of his stance towards the monarch , who was outraged at the firebrand speeches from churchill and lloyd george .
265british1UNKNOWN british politician and judge the right honourable the viscount haldane kt om pc frs fsa fba haldane in 1919 lord chancellor
266institute1INSTITUTION as president of the institute of public administration , he was a leading intellectual on the philosophy of governance .
267colonial defence committee1HUMAN GROUP before haldane , there was only the defence committee of the cabinet , which met only in emergencies , and the colonial defence committee .
268landscapes1SITUATION his efforts have left a lasting impact on both the uk 's defense and educational landscapes .
269railway1SYSTEM but the import was the berlin-baghdad railway which germany was hoping to construct with british approval .
270mr manhattan1PLACE the accusations were widely believed and were even echoed in a popular music hall song ( " all dressed up and nowhere to go " ) in the revue " mr manhattan " .
271war imminent1UNKNOWN with war imminent , asquith was happy for haldane to continue at the war office formally as secretary of state for war , but haldane persuaded him to appoint field marshal kitchener .
272believer1PERSON a fundamental believer in the power of improving education , he prepared the london university act 1898 .
273government ministers1PERSON jenkins describes the omission as " the most uncharacteristic fault of asquith 's whole career " attributing it to asquith suffering the " indescribable blow " of the surprise announcement of the engagement of the woman he loved , venetia stanley , to one of his government ministers , edwin montagu .
274shores1LAND the official historian brigadier james edmonds later wrote that " in every respect the expeditionary force of 1914 was incomparably the best trained , best organised and best equipped british army ever to leave these shores "
275adam smith1PERSON he wrote a biography of adam smith , extolling the virtues of free trade .
276county1PLACE two elections ensued , one in january and another in december 1910 , before in 1911 he was raised to the peerage as viscount haldane , of cloan in the county of perth .
277majority1PROPERTY unity in the liberals helped them obtain the largest electoral majority in the party 's history in the 1906 general election .
278clog1CONCEPT kreglinger v new patagonia meat & cold storage co ltd ukhl 1 , no clog on equity of redemption *
279task1UNKNOWN despite the budgetary constraints , haldane implemented a wide-ranging set of reforms of the army , aimed at preparing the army for an imperial war but with the more likely ( and secret ) task of a european war .
280organization1INSTITUTION his reforms re-oriented british military policy , revamped army organization along the lines of the german general staff , upgraded the training of the auxiliary forces , and created an efficient and economically run service .
281emma ferguson1PERSON emma ferguson died insane in 1897 .
282dinner party1FORCE he had in fact said that about professor hermann lotze 's classroom at göttingen at a dinner party given by mrs humphry ward in april 1913 to enable him to meet some german professors during his mission .
283plot1RESOURCE however , the plot ( called " the relugas compact " after grey 's
284uncle1PERSON he was the grandson of the scottish evangelist james alexander haldane , the brother of respiratory physiologist john scott haldane , sir william haldane and author elizabeth haldane , and the uncle of j. b. s. haldane , robert haldane makgill and naomi mitchison .
285richard haldane1PERSON education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
286depositors1PERSON sinclair v brougham ac 398 , priority for depositors over shareholders * nocton v lord ashburton ac 932 , fiduciary duty of giving non-negligent advice * dunlop pneumatic tyre co ltd v selfridge & co ltd ukhl 1 , no right to enforce resale price maintenance without a contract *
287modernisers1UNKNOWN throughout his long career and association with the modernisers or ' limps ' haldane used his considerable intellect to great advantage against economy .
288bristol1INSTITUTION he also served as second chancellor of the university of bristol where he made an important address titled " the civic university " outlining his educational philosophy in 1911 .
289liberalism1BODY in october 1888 , " the liberal creed " was published summarising his belief in the direction of new liberalism .
290practice1COLLECTION haldane 's practice was a specialism in conveyancing ; a particular skill for pleadings at appeal and tribunal cases , bringing cases to the privy council and house of lords .
291dismissal1PERSON dismissal from office following the shell crisis and the resignation of lord fisher , in may 1915 the liberals were obliged to form a coalition government with the conservatives who , under the leadership of bonar law , insisted on the removal of winston churchill as first lord of the admiralty and the dismissal of haldane .
292albert grey1PERSON they were founders of the albert grey committee , named after albert grey , regularly discussing burning social issues , such as education .
293specialism1CONCEPT haldane 's practice was a specialism in conveyancing ; a particular skill for pleadings at appeal and tribunal cases , bringing cases to the privy council and house of lords .
294british academy1INSTITUTION apart from his legal and political careers , haldane was an influential writer on philosophy , in recognition of which he was elected a fellow of the british academy in 1914 .
295detente1UNKNOWN that led to his role in seeking detente with germany in 1912 in the haldane mission .
296annum1TIME PERIOD by 1905 he was earning £20,000 per annum at the bar ( equivalent to £2.7 million in 2023 ) .
297belly1UNKNOWN lloyd george knows nothing for precedents and cares for no principles , but he has fire in his belly and that is what we want . "
298education university1INSTITUTION education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
299accusations1AMOUNT the accusations were widely believed and were even echoed in a popular music hall song ( " all dressed up and nowhere to go " ) in the revue " mr manhattan " .
300aircraft1VEHICLE haldane was also instrumental in the creation the advisory committee for aeronautics in 1909 , which provided the fledgling aircraft industry in the united kingdom with a sound body of science on which to base the development of aircraft for the next seventy years ( it was disbanded in 1979 ) .
301others v1UNKNOWN company limited and others v the king ukpc 27 * macedo v stroud ac 330 , property transfer * jasperson v dominion tobacco co ac 709 , interference with contractual relations *
302secret1FORM despite the budgetary constraints , haldane implemented a wide-ranging set of reforms of the army , aimed at preparing the army for an imperial war but with the more likely ( and secret ) task of a european war .
303match1FORM here , indeed , he was a match for those who distributed the chloroform of berlin .
304followers1PERSON haldane remained an ally of asquith and grey in the liberal imperialist wing of the party , followers of lord rosebery rather than of sir william harcourt .
305surprise announcement1EVENT jenkins describes the omission as " the most uncharacteristic fault of asquith 's whole career " attributing it to asquith suffering the " indescribable blow " of the surprise announcement of the engagement of the woman he loved , venetia stanley , to one of his government ministers , edwin montagu .
306purpose1PURPOSE he devised the territorial army , which was capable of becoming the easy nucleus of national conscription , and which unquestionably ought to have been used for that purpose at the outbreak of war .
307amid1PERSON in november 1923 lord birkenhead , the conservative politician , praised haldane 's contribution to britain 's preparedness for the first world war : in the welter of sentimentality , amid which great britain might easily have mouldered into ruin , my valued colleague , lord haldane , presented a figure alike interesting , individual , and arresting .
308law as lord chancellor1PERSON contribution to canadian constitutional law as lord chancellor , haldane was a member of the judicial committee of the privy council , at that time the court of last resort for the empire .
309november monarch george v prime minister ramsay macdonald1PERSON
310income1DISEASE by 1914 britain spent 3.4 % of national income on defence , little more in absolute terms than austria-hungary 's 6.1 % .
311reputation1REPUTATION having been awarded the order of merit in 1915 , in the personal gift of george v , he wrote a memorandum of events , 1906-15 , to defend his reputation .
312oclc1UNKNOWN oclc 771158008 .
313haldane principle1PERSON this work led to the idea that decisions about what to spend research funds on should be made by researchers rather than politicians being named the haldane principle .
314symmetry1SIMILARITY hegel 's aristocratic desire for law and order and defence of property against revolution had a mathematical symmetry .
315eye1PERSON he suffered from bad rheumatism , a stigmata in the eye and in 1909 , he had to take bed rest when going blind from iritis .
316advantage1CONDITION throughout his long career and association with the modernisers or ' limps ' haldane used his considerable intellect to great advantage against economy .
317labour peers1PERSON he was also joint leader of the labour peers with lord parmoor .
318cares1PERSON lloyd george knows nothing for precedents and cares for no principles , but he has fire in his belly and that is what we want . "
319prices1AMOUNT in march 1914 effective expenditure on the army , after allowing for increased pensions and £1m set aside for military aviation , was still less than in 1907-8 , and £2m less than in 1905-6 ( despite a 20 % rise in prices since then ) .
320stepfather1PERSON more recently , one major study has characterised him as " the wicked stepfather " of the canadian constitution .
321tasks1UNKNOWN asquith relied heavily on haldane as the previous war secretary and empowered him to carry out tasks at the war office on his behalf .
322things1ACTIVITY " the reign of relativity " combined haldane 's love of all things german expressed by goethe and his works , with the hegelian military-industrial complex .
323allies1PERSON the king used his influence and charm to cultivate allies , bringing cross-party groups like the souls together in consensual amity .
324impression1INSTANCE " the latter is a large , fat man " was haig 's initial impression of a dignified but portly demeanour .
325bend chequy sable1PERSON coat of arms of richard haldane , 1st viscount haldane crest an eagle 's head erased or . escutcheon quarterly 1st & 4th argent a saltire engrailed sable ( haldane ) ; 2nd argent a saltire between four roses gules ( lennox ) ; 3rd or a bend chequy sable & argent ( menteith ) ; in the centre of the quarters a crescent sable , all within a bordure or . motto suffer orders order of the thistle order of merit ( not pictured )
326barrister1PERSON education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
327fault1QUANTITY jenkins describes the omission as " the most uncharacteristic fault of asquith 's whole career " attributing it to asquith suffering the " indescribable blow " of the surprise announcement of the engagement of the woman he loved , venetia stanley , to one of his government ministers , edwin montagu .
328character1EVENT from a pan-european perspective he analysed the german character and economic advances towards militarism .
329lord fisher1PLACE dismissal from office following the shell crisis and the resignation of lord fisher , in may 1915 the liberals were obliged to form a coalition government with the conservatives who , under the leadership of bonar law , insisted on the removal of winston churchill as first lord of the admiralty and the dismissal of haldane .
330expeditionary force1FORCE as secretary of state of war , he was instrumental in founding mi5 , mi6 , the territorial army , the british expeditionary force , and the royal air force .
331edinburgh sir walter scott club1INSTITUTION in 1904 , he was president of the edinburgh sir walter scott club and gave the toast to sir walter at the club 's annual dinner , addressing " the dedicated life " to a group of students on 10 january 1907 .
332elections1PROCESS two elections ensued , one in january and another in december 1910 , before in 1911 he was raised to the peerage as viscount haldane , of cloan in the county of perth .
333efforts1ACTION his efforts have left a lasting impact on both the uk 's defense and educational landscapes .
334edinburgh profession barrister charlotte square1PLACE
335spy1RESOURCE education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
336centrism1CONCEPT his moral centrism sought to unify the new liberalism , as he published it in contemporary review .
337officer1PERSON force of 14 divisions ( the original plan was for 28 ) and 14 mounted yeomanry brigades at home , the officer training corps and the special reserve .
338hegelian1UNKNOWN the philosophy of ' national efficiency ' was central feature of the hegelian complex , and the ideas of schopenhauer , he had learnt on the continent , that accentuated freedom and decentralisation from an historicist 's perspective .
339hugo1PERSON december 1885 - 27 march 1911 preceded by hugo charteris succeeded by john hope personal details born ( 1856-07-30) 30 july 1856 edinburgh , scotland died 19
340beatrice webb haldane1PERSON at a meeting with beatrice webb haldane told her he was disconsolate at the condition of the liberal party : " rot has set in there is no hope now but to be beaten and then reconstruct a new party " .
341firebrand speeches1SPEECH during the constitutional and budget crisis of 1909-11 , haldane advised his friend and prime minister , asquith on the legal niceties of his stance towards the monarch , who was outraged at the firebrand speeches from churchill and lloyd george .
342amity1EVENT the king used his influence and charm to cultivate allies , bringing cross-party groups like the souls together in consensual amity .
343toast1EVENT in 1904 , he was president of the edinburgh sir walter scott club and gave the toast to sir walter at the club 's annual dinner , addressing " the dedicated life " to a group of students on 10 january 1907 .
344pathos1UNKNOWN webb remarked , " he had pathos in his personality , a successful lawyer tinged with socialism . "
345exchequer1AMOUNT scottish lodge where the men met ) collapsed when asquith agreed to serve as chancellor of the exchequer under campbell-bannerman .
346jones v jones ac1PERSON
347combines1UNKNOWN for instance , in the case of in re the board of commerce act , 1919 , and the combines and fair prices act , he gave the decision striking down federal legislation which attempted to regulate the economy , challenging the legality of the canadian legislature .
348western front1PLACE perhaps his greatest speech on education was made in house of lords on 12 july 1916 , at the height of the terrible slaughter on the western front .
349writer1PERSON apart from his legal and political careers , haldane was an influential writer on philosophy , in recognition of which he was elected a fellow of the british academy in 1914 .
350lords library1PLACE amongst his early friends was edmund gosse , the librarian of the house of lords library .
351revue1FORM the accusations were widely believed and were even echoed in a popular music hall song ( " all dressed up and nowhere to go " ) in the revue " mr manhattan " .
352austria hungary1PLACE
353allegations1ACT raised to the peerage as viscount haldane in 1911 , he was lord chancellor between 1912 and 1915 , when he was forced to resign because of allegations of german sympathies .
354stage1STAGE the pathway to reality : stage the second .
355eight hours question1QUESTION in the 1890 article " the eight hours question "
356conscription1UNIT he devised the territorial army , which was capable of becoming the easy nucleus of national conscription , and which unquestionably ought to have been used for that purpose at the outbreak of war .
357equity1PROPERTY kreglinger v new patagonia meat & cold storage co ltd ukhl 1 , no clog on equity of redemption *
358labour movement1HUMAN GROUP haldane added the preface to leonard hobhouse 's the labour movement in 1893 .
359militarism1BODY from a pan-european perspective he analysed the german character and economic advances towards militarism .
360properties1PROPERTY haldane was responsible for drafting the london university act 1926 , purchasing properties in euston .
361mrs humphry ward1PERSON he had in fact said that about professor hermann lotze 's classroom at göttingen at a dinner party given by mrs humphry ward in april 1913 to enable him to meet some german professors during his mission .
362nucleus1POSITION he devised the territorial army , which was capable of becoming the easy nucleus of national conscription , and which unquestionably ought to have been used for that purpose at the outbreak of war .
363second memorandum1NUMBER he was accredited as an efficient bureaucratic leader , notably founding the territorial army in a second memorandum .
364association1INSTITUTION throughout his long career and association with the modernisers or ' limps ' haldane used his considerable intellect to great advantage against economy .
365honours1UNKNOWN he gained a first and ma at university of edinburgh where he received first-class honours in philosophy and was gray scholar and ferguson scholar .
366john murray1PERSON london : john murray .
367preparedness1STATE in november 1923 lord birkenhead , the conservative politician , praised haldane 's contribution to britain 's preparedness for the first world war : in the welter of sentimentality , amid which great britain might easily have mouldered into ruin , my valued colleague , lord haldane , presented a figure alike interesting , individual , and arresting .
368army expenditure1ACT army expenditure was determined according to a formula devised by the esher committee .
369leonard hobhouse1PERSON haldane added the preface to leonard hobhouse 's the labour movement in 1893 .
370year1PERIOD although not elected that year haldane joined the eighty
371appointment1DECISION on 11 august 1902 , haldane was admitted to the privy council , following an announcement of the king 's intention to make the appointment in the 1902 coronation honours list , published in june that year .
372statute1PERSON similarly , in toronto electric commissioners v. snider , lord haldane struck down a federal statute attempting to regulate industrial disputes , holding that it was not within federal authority under either the peace , order and good government power , nor the federal trade and commerce power .
373clarence page townsley1PERSON haldane leaving reviewing grounds with clarence page townsley : capt e.r householder ; capt e.r. gregory army reforms main article : haldane reforms haldane set up the imperial general staff .
374cold storage co ltd ukhl1PERSON kreglinger v new patagonia meat & cold storage co ltd ukhl 1 , no clog on equity of redemption *
375roses gules1PERSON coat of arms of richard haldane , 1st viscount haldane crest an eagle 's head erased or . escutcheon quarterly 1st & 4th argent a saltire engrailed sable ( haldane ) ; 2nd argent a saltire between four roses gules ( lennox ) ; 3rd or a bend chequy sable & argent ( menteith ) ; in the centre of the quarters a crescent sable , all within a bordure or . motto suffer orders order of the thistle order of merit ( not pictured )
376procession1STATE osbert sitwell described him as " entering a room with the air of a whole procession " .
377demands1EVENT neither the former prime minister arthur balfour , haldane 's closest friend amongst the conservatives , nor asquith , the liberal prime minister of the day and haldane 's closest political ally and friend for over 30 years , did anything to resist bonar law 's demands .
378kaiser wilhelm ii1PERSON in october 1907 haldane was intimately involved with the negotiations at windsor with kaiser wilhelm ii .
379daughter1PERSON background and education haldane was born at 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , the son of robert haldane and his wife mary elizabeth , daughter of richard burdon-sanderson .
380tendency1TENDENCY he gave the decision for the judicial committee in several of those cases , and showed a marked tendency to favour the provincial powers at the expense of the federal government .
381labour politician1PERSON education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
382legality1PROPERTY for instance , in the case of in re the board of commerce act , 1919 , and the combines and fair prices act , he gave the decision striking down federal legislation which attempted to regulate the economy , challenging the legality of the canadian legislature .
383public administration1ARRANGEMENT as president of the institute of public administration , he was a leading intellectual on the philosophy of governance .
384counsel1PERSON by 1890 he had become a queen 's counsel .
385creation1EVENT haldane was also instrumental in the creation the advisory committee for aeronautics in 1909 , which provided the fledgling aircraft industry in the united kingdom with a sound body of science on which to base the development of aircraft for the next seventy years ( it was disbanded in 1979 ) .
386education haldane1PERSON background and education haldane was born at 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , the son of robert haldane and his wife mary elizabeth , daughter of richard burdon-sanderson .
387backgrounds1INFORMATION another imperialist , winston churchill also respected haldane , although they were from differing social backgrounds .
388special reserve1ABSTRACT ENTITY force of 14 divisions ( the original plan was for 28 ) and 14 mounted yeomanry brigades at home , the officer training corps and the special reserve .
389dining1EVENT club , a political dining and discussion club formed in 1879 .
390edmund gosse1PERSON amongst his early friends was edmund gosse , the librarian of the house of lords library .
391detriment1INJURY to the detriment of their relationship , asquith gave no personal expression to haldane .
392breed1RACE haldane was a deep thinker , an unusual breed : a philosopher-politician .
393territorial force1FORCE
394rheumatism1CONDITION he suffered from bad rheumatism , a stigmata in the eye and in 1909 , he had to take bed rest when going blind from iritis .
395perth1PLACE two elections ensued , one in january and another in december 1910 , before in 1911 he was raised to the peerage as viscount haldane , of cloan in the county of perth .
396hodder1PERSON london : hodder and stoughton . 1929 .
397fellow1EVENT apart from his legal and political careers , haldane was an influential writer on philosophy , in recognition of which he was elected a fellow of the british academy in 1914 .
398careers1STATE apart from his legal and political careers , haldane was an influential writer on philosophy , in recognition of which he was elected a fellow of the british academy in 1914 .
399board1BODY for instance , in the case of in re the board of commerce act , 1919 , and the combines and fair prices act , he gave the decision striking down federal legislation which attempted to regulate the economy , challenging the legality of the canadian legislature .
400minister arthur balfour1PERSON neither the former prime minister arthur balfour , haldane 's closest friend amongst the conservatives , nor asquith , the liberal prime minister of the day and haldane 's closest political ally and friend for over 30 years , did anything to resist bonar law 's demands .
401ties1PERSON as the war progressed haldane moved increasingly close to the labour party , but he was held back by his ties to the liberal party and to asquith .
402historian correlli barnett1PERSON the military historian correlli barnett claimed that haldane had " all-round personal talents far exceeding those of his predecessors " as secretary of state for war and that he was " a man of first-class intellect and wide education " .
403liberal imperialist edward grey1PERSON haldane was persuaded by fellow liberal imperialist edward grey to begin planning for a continental war in support of the french against the germans .
404abolition1QUALITY esher had recommended the setting up of an army council and the abolition of the post of commander-in-chief , but few of his recommendations had been implemented before the change of government in december 1905 .
405aeronautics1RULE haldane was also instrumental in the creation the advisory committee for aeronautics in 1909 , which provided the fledgling aircraft industry in the united kingdom with a sound body of science on which to base the development of aircraft for the next seventy years ( it was disbanded in 1979 ) .
406shell crisis1EVENT dismissal from office following the shell crisis and the resignation of lord fisher , in may 1915 the liberals were obliged to form a coalition government with the conservatives who , under the leadership of bonar law , insisted on the removal of winston churchill as first lord of the admiralty and the dismissal of haldane .
407resignation1ACT dismissal from office following the shell crisis and the resignation of lord fisher , in may 1915 the liberals were obliged to form a coalition government with the conservatives who , under the leadership of bonar law , insisted on the removal of winston churchill as first lord of the admiralty and the dismissal of haldane .
408independence1QUALITY when the irish war of independence broke out in 1919 , haldane was one of the first british politicians to argue that the solution lay in compromise rather than force .
409property transfer1UNKNOWN company limited and others v the king ukpc 27 * macedo v stroud ac 330 , property transfer * jasperson v dominion tobacco co ac 709 , interference with contractual relations *
410right honourable1UNKNOWN british politician and judge the right honourable the viscount haldane kt om pc frs fsa fba haldane in 1919 lord chancellor
411september1PERIOD another such conference took place at balmoral in september 1909 .
412edinburgh academy1INSTITUTION he received his first education at the edinburgh academy , and then at the university of göttingen .
413foreign secretary1PERSON on 13 december 1905 , haldane was appointed secretary of state for war , but he may have been offered the jobs of attorney-general and home secretary . ( grey became foreign secretary ) .
414arms reduction principles1NATURE the germanophile and linguist was thrilled to be summoned at 1 am to talk with the emperor over whisky on arms reduction principles .
415great west saddlery company limited1PERSON
416policy1RULE his reforms re-oriented british military policy , revamped army organization along the lines of the german general staff , upgraded the training of the auxiliary forces , and created an efficient and economically run service .
417personality1STATE webb remarked , " he had pathos in his personality , a successful lawyer tinged with socialism . "
418esher committee1HUMAN GROUP army expenditure was determined according to a formula devised by the esher committee .
419june prime minister sir henry campbell bannerman h. h. asquith1PERSON
420europe1PLACE as the situation in europe worsened , asquith kept haldane abreast of developments with sir edward grey at the foreign office .
421education reform1AMOUNT he stated that his main interest in public life was now education reform and that the cause was not best served by endorsing the liberal party .
422civic university1INSTITUTION he also served as second chancellor of the university of bristol where he made an important address titled " the civic university " outlining his educational philosophy in 1911 .
423life lord haldane1PERSON at the end of his life lord haldane was elected chancellor of the university of st andrews in june 1928 .
424host1INSTITUTION being a fluent german speaker , ascetic philosopher and atheist , he played host to albert einstein , when he visited london in 1921 .
425assault1UNKNOWN rosebery admired haldane 's intellect , and the scotsman urged upon his friend , whom he had known since 1886 , an assault on tory power in the lords in 1894 .
426sir william harcourt1PERSON haldane remained an ally of asquith and grey in the liberal imperialist wing of the party , followers of lord rosebery rather than of sir william harcourt .
427developments1SUBSTANCE as the situation in europe worsened , asquith kept haldane abreast of developments with sir edward grey at the foreign office .
428effect1EFFECT the effects of some of these decisions have subsequently been modified by later decisions of the judicial committee and the supreme court of canada , but they have had the long-term effect of recognising substantial provincial powers .
429viscount haldane crest an eagle1PERSON coat of arms of richard haldane , 1st viscount haldane crest an eagle 's head erased or . escutcheon quarterly 1st & 4th argent a saltire engrailed sable ( haldane ) ; 2nd argent a saltire between four roses gules ( lennox ) ; 3rd or a bend chequy sable & argent ( menteith ) ; in the centre of the quarters a crescent sable , all within a bordure or . motto suffer orders order of the thistle order of merit ( not pictured )
430august member1PERSON
431march haldane1PERSON
432official historian brigadier james edmonds1PERSON the official historian brigadier james edmonds later wrote that " in every respect the expeditionary force of 1914 was incomparably the best trained , best organised and best equipped british army ever to leave these shores "
433london ac1PLACE electric railway co of london ac 673 , 689 , on mitigation *
434government power1POWER similarly , in toronto electric commissioners v. snider , lord haldane struck down a federal statute attempting to regulate industrial disputes , holding that it was not within federal authority under either the peace , order and good government power , nor the federal trade and commerce power .
435thought1UNKNOWN as an intellectual he was fascinated with german thought .
436level1DOCUMENT in fact he favoured asquith 's election on a personal level .
437points1UNKNOWN j. a . spender later wrote of how haldane got the best work out of an able but verbally-incoherent soldier ( thought to refer to haig ) by not scoring verbal points off him , as many politicians would have done .
438linguist1VERTEBRATE the germanophile and linguist was thrilled to be summoned at 1 am to talk with the emperor over whisky on arms reduction principles .
439slaughter1EVENT perhaps his greatest speech on education was made in house of lords on 12 july 1916 , at the height of the terrible slaughter on the western front .
440rebuke1ACT at the time of the paisley by-election of january 1920 haldane was in the process of shifting his sympathies from liberal to labour , and was wrongly thought to have endorsed labour ( earning a rebuke from margot asquith , whom haldane thought " tiresome because she is ignorant " , to his aged mother ) .
441court1EVENT contribution to canadian constitutional law as lord chancellor , haldane was a member of the judicial committee of the privy council , at that time the court of last resort for the empire .
442montagu1PERSON jenkins describes the omission as " the most uncharacteristic fault of asquith 's whole career " attributing it to asquith suffering the " indescribable blow " of the surprise announcement of the engagement of the woman he loved , venetia stanley , to one of his government ministers , edwin montagu .
443sinclair v brougham ac1PERSON sinclair v brougham ac 398 , priority for depositors over shareholders * nocton v lord ashburton ac 932 , fiduciary duty of giving non-negligent advice * dunlop pneumatic tyre co ltd v selfridge & co ltd ukhl 1 , no right to enforce resale price maintenance without a contract *
444royal air force1FORCE as secretary of state of war , he was instrumental in founding mi5 , mi6 , the territorial army , the british expeditionary force , and the royal air force .
445atheist1PERSON being a fluent german speaker , ascetic philosopher and atheist , he played host to albert einstein , when he visited london in 1921 .
446haldane reforms1PERSON he was secretary of state for war between 1905 and 1912 during which time the " haldane reforms " of the british army were implemented .
447emma valentine ferguson1PERSON in 1888 , he courted emma valentine ferguson , sister of his liberal party friend , ronald munro-ferguson ; she broke off the engagement and subsequently lampooned him in her novel betsy in 1892 .
448academics1EVENT haldane 's approach to the division of powers was heavily criticised by some academics and lawyers in canada , such as f. r. scott and chief justice bora laskin , as unduly favouring the provinces over the federal government and depriving it of the powers needed to deal with modern economic issues .
449bachelor1PERSON haldane remained a lifelong bachelor after his fiancée , miss valentine ferguson , broke off their engagement .
450vanity fair1PERSON education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
451aviation1VEHICLE in march 1914 effective expenditure on the army , after allowing for increased pensions and £1m set aside for military aviation , was still less than in 1907-8 , and £2m less than in 1905-6 ( despite a 20 % rise in prices since then ) .
452heidelberg1PLACE he was harried in particular by beaverbrook 's daily express , which gave great publicity to the claim by professor onkel of heidelberg that he had said " germany was his spiritual home " .
453process1PROCESS at the time of the paisley by-election of january 1920 haldane was in the process of shifting his sympathies from liberal to labour , and was wrongly thought to have endorsed labour ( earning a rebuke from margot asquith , whom haldane thought " tiresome because she is ignorant " , to his aged mother ) .
454germanophile1UNKNOWN the germanophile and linguist was thrilled to be summoned at 1 am to talk with the emperor over whisky on arms reduction principles .
455socialist1PERSON webb , the socialist who was a close intimate , remarked on how alone haldane was in the world .
456german speaker1PROCESS being a fluent german speaker , ascetic philosopher and atheist , he played host to albert einstein , when he visited london in 1921 .
457haldane chairman1PERSON in december 1918 , lloyd george appointed haldane chairman of ' the machinery of government ' committee .
458cavalry division1PROCESS force of six infantry divisions and one cavalry division .
459leaders1PERSON the leaders of the party were exasperated and believed rosebery to lack planning and direction .
460sir walter1PERSON in 1904 , he was president of the edinburgh sir walter scott club and gave the toast to sir walter at the club 's annual dinner , addressing " the dedicated life " to a group of students on 10 january 1907 .
461reformers1PERSON haldane was a member of the coefficients dining club of social reformers set up in 1902 by the fabian campaigners
462force1FORCE as secretary of state of war , he was instrumental in founding mi5 , mi6 , the territorial army , the british expeditionary force , and the royal air force .
463defense1PERSON his efforts have left a lasting impact on both the uk 's defense and educational landscapes .
464health1PROPERTY stumbling from illness to illness , haldane 's own bad health was similar to king edward 's declining fortunes .
465iritis1UNKNOWN he suffered from bad rheumatism , a stigmata in the eye and in 1909 , he had to take bed rest when going blind from iritis .
466omission1INSTANCE jenkins describes the omission as " the most uncharacteristic fault of asquith 's whole career " attributing it to asquith suffering the " indescribable blow " of the surprise announcement of the engagement of the woman he loved , venetia stanley , to one of his government ministers , edwin montagu .
467carrying co ltd v asiatic petroleum co ltd ac1PERSON lennard 's carrying co ltd v asiatic petroleum co ltd ac 705 , directors are presumed to be the controlling minds of the company *
468governments1GOVERNMENT he sat on several cases from canada dealing with the division of powers between the federal and provincial governments under the canadian constitution , particularly the interplay between sections 91 and 92 of the british north america act 1867 .
469sore head1HEAD a fluent german-speaker , haldane was lulled into a false sense of security believing ' like a bear with a sore head ' that he had won a great deal .
470evangelist james alexander haldane1PERSON he was the grandson of the scottish evangelist james alexander haldane , the brother of respiratory physiologist john scott haldane , sir william haldane and author elizabeth haldane , and the uncle of j. b. s. haldane , robert haldane makgill and naomi mitchison .
471whisky1UNKNOWN the germanophile and linguist was thrilled to be summoned at 1 am to talk with the emperor over whisky on arms reduction principles .
472arms1LANGUAGE the germanophile and linguist was thrilled to be summoned at 1 am to talk with the emperor over whisky on arms reduction principles .
473students1PERSON in 1904 , he was president of the edinburgh sir walter scott club and gave the toast to sir walter at the club 's annual dinner , addressing " the dedicated life " to a group of students on 10 january 1907 .
474motto suffer orders order1PERSON coat of arms of richard haldane , 1st viscount haldane crest an eagle 's head erased or . escutcheon quarterly 1st & 4th argent a saltire engrailed sable ( haldane ) ; 2nd argent a saltire between four roses gules ( lennox ) ; 3rd or a bend chequy sable & argent ( menteith ) ; in the centre of the quarters a crescent sable , all within a bordure or . motto suffer orders order of the thistle order of merit ( not pictured )
475tempo1ACT the mission was a failure because the germans would agree to slow the tempo of its warship construction only if britain promised to remain neutral if germany should become engaged in a war where " germany could not be said to be the aggressor . "
476man very1PERSON
477goethe1PLACE " the reign of relativity " combined haldane 's love of all things german expressed by goethe and his works , with the hegelian military-industrial complex .
478british westinghouse electric1AMOUNT heilbut , symons & co v buckleton ukhl 2 , no damages for non-fraudulent misrepresentation , reversed by hedley byrne * british westinghouse electric and manufacturing co v underground
479humanism1ACTION the philosophy of humanism and of other subjects .
480leadership1PERSON dismissal from office following the shell crisis and the resignation of lord fisher , in may 1915 the liberals were obliged to form a coalition government with the conservatives who , under the leadership of bonar law , insisted on the removal of winston churchill as first lord of the admiralty and the dismissal of haldane .
481cuts1STATE in 1900 , during the boer war , army expenditure was £86.8m , by 1910 ( a low point , after four years of cuts under the liberals ) it had dropped to £27.6m and by 1914 it had risen back to £29.4m .
482liberal imperialist wing1PERSON haldane remained an ally of asquith and grey in the liberal imperialist wing of the party , followers of lord rosebery rather than of sir william harcourt .
483rot1PERSON at a meeting with beatrice webb haldane told her he was disconsolate at the condition of the liberal party : " rot has set in there is no hope now but to be beaten and then reconstruct a new party " .
484balliol1PERSON he had refused a place at balliol , but in nodding respect for the master and philosopher , t. h. green , he dedicated his essays in philosophical criticism to him .
485times1UNKNOWN on haldane 's death the times described him as " one of the most powerful , subtle and encyclopaedic intellects ever devoted to the public service of his country " .
486connection1SET unlike joseph chamberlain he thought there was no strong connection between fiscal and imperial unity .
487philosophers1PERSON during his stay at göttingen he expanded an interest in the german philosophers , schopenhauer and hegel .
488shock1EVENT at the 1892 general election , he received a shock when nearly defeated by the liberal unionist , walter hepburne-scott , master of polwarth .
489charm1PERSON the king used his influence and charm to cultivate allies , bringing cross-party groups like the souls together in consensual amity .
490dunlop pneumatic tyre co ltd v selfridge1PERSON sinclair v brougham ac 398 , priority for depositors over shareholders * nocton v lord ashburton ac 932 , fiduciary duty of giving non-negligent advice * dunlop pneumatic tyre co ltd v selfridge & co ltd ukhl 1 , no right to enforce resale price maintenance without a contract *
491establishment1ACT the main element of this was the establishment of the british expeditionary
492conference1ACT another such conference took place at balmoral in september 1909 .
493max egremont1UNKNOWN roy jenkins in his biography of asquith describes the charges as " absolute nonsense " and max egremont describes balfour as " knowing the injustice behind the charges " and " being privately indignant " .
494paris1PLACE the mission was a failure and tensions with berlin forced london to work more closely with paris .
495kaiser1PERSON in october 1907 haldane was intimately involved with the negotiations at windsor with kaiser wilhelm ii .
496writings1EVENT liberal imperialist focusing on his writings , haldane was passed over for political office , being the only one of his group left out in the wilderness .
497grandson1PERSON he was the grandson of the scottish evangelist james alexander haldane , the brother of respiratory physiologist john scott haldane , sir william haldane and author elizabeth haldane , and the uncle of j. b. s. haldane , robert haldane makgill and naomi mitchison .
498lawyers1PERSON haldane 's approach to the division of powers was heavily criticised by some academics and lawyers in canada , such as f. r. scott and chief justice bora laskin , as unduly favouring the provinces over the federal government and depriving it of the powers needed to deal with modern economic issues .
499longs1PERSON haldane wrote , " one longs for rosebery had he been coming in to his right place at the head of affairs , we could have gone anywhere with confidence .
500reform agenda1ACTION however , the armistice had taken all impetus out of the reform agenda .
501respiratory physiologist john scott haldane1PERSON he was the grandson of the scottish evangelist james alexander haldane , the brother of respiratory physiologist john scott haldane , sir william haldane and author elizabeth haldane , and the uncle of j. b. s. haldane , robert haldane makgill and naomi mitchison .
502july edinburgh1PERSON
503robert haldane makgill1PERSON he was the grandson of the scottish evangelist james alexander haldane , the brother of respiratory physiologist john scott haldane , sir william haldane and author elizabeth haldane , and the uncle of j. b. s. haldane , robert haldane makgill and naomi mitchison .
504margot asquith1PERSON at the time of the paisley by-election of january 1920 haldane was in the process of shifting his sympathies from liberal to labour , and was wrongly thought to have endorsed labour ( earning a rebuke from margot asquith , whom haldane thought " tiresome because she is ignorant " , to his aged mother ) .
505officers1PERSON he founded the officers ' training corps . — lord birkenhead ( n.d. ) , idealism in international politics .
506essays1UNKNOWN he had refused a place at balliol , but in nodding respect for the master and philosopher , t. h. green , he dedicated his essays in philosophical criticism to him .
507party friend1PERSON in 1888 , he courted emma valentine ferguson , sister of his liberal party friend , ronald munro-ferguson ; she broke off the engagement and subsequently lampooned him in her novel betsy in 1892 .
508göttingen university1INSTITUTION education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
509country1PLACE on haldane 's death the times described him as " one of the most powerful , subtle and encyclopaedic intellects ever devoted to the public service of his country " .
510cross party groups1GROUP
511property1PROPERTY hegel 's aristocratic desire for law and order and defence of property against revolution had a mathematical symmetry .
512arms race1RACE haldane mission of 1912 to berlin main article : haldane mission 1912 saw the unsuccessful attempt of the haldane mission , an effort to quell the friction between britain and germany arising because of their escalating naval arms race .
513law power1POWER in doing so , he gave very restrictive readings to both the " peace , order and good government " power of the federal government , as well as the federal criminal law power .
514e.p. dutton1PERSON e.p. dutton .
515affairs1ACTION haldane wrote , " one longs for rosebery had he been coming in to his right place at the head of affairs , we could have gone anywhere with confidence .
516campbell bannerman1PERSON
517lines1PERSON his reforms re-oriented british military policy , revamped army organization along the lines of the german general staff , upgraded the training of the auxiliary forces , and created an efficient and economically run service .
518stay1PERSON during his stay at göttingen he expanded an interest in the german philosophers , schopenhauer and hegel .
519war secretary1PERSON asquith relied heavily on haldane as the previous war secretary and empowered him to carry out tasks at the war office on his behalf .
520complex1STRUCTURE the philosophy of ' national efficiency ' was central feature of the hegelian complex , and the ideas of schopenhauer , he had learnt on the continent , that accentuated freedom and decentralisation from an historicist 's perspective .
521west point1PLACE haldane at west point sometime before the great war .
522commerce act1ACT for instance , in the case of in re the board of commerce act , 1919 , and the combines and fair prices act , he gave the decision striking down federal legislation which attempted to regulate the economy , challenging the legality of the canadian legislature .
523cork street1PLACE in 1881 haldane met h. h. asquith , and they soon became firm friends often meeting at the blue post public house on cork street .
524deal1SITUATION a fluent german-speaker , haldane was lulled into a false sense of security believing ' like a bear with a sore head ' that he had won a great deal .
525ronald munro ferguson1PERSON
526lennard1PERSON lennard 's carrying co ltd v asiatic petroleum co ltd ac 705 , directors are presumed to be the controlling minds of the company *
527armistice1EVENT however , the armistice had taken all impetus out of the reform agenda .
528bear1PERSON a fluent german-speaker , haldane was lulled into a false sense of security believing ' like a bear with a sore head ' that he had won a great deal .
529predecessors1GROUP the military historian correlli barnett claimed that haldane had " all-round personal talents far exceeding those of his predecessors " as secretary of state for war and that he was " a man of first-class intellect and wide education " .
530campaign1OCCURRENCE haldane 's removal was on account of the popularity of the press 's campaign relating to haldane 's alleged pro-german sympathies .
531warship construction1ABSTRACT ENTITY the mission was a failure because the germans would agree to slow the tempo of its warship construction only if britain promised to remain neutral if germany should become engaged in a war where " germany could not be said to be the aggressor . "
532advisory committee1HUMAN GROUP haldane was also instrumental in the creation the advisory committee for aeronautics in 1909 , which provided the fledgling aircraft industry in the united kingdom with a sound body of science on which to base the development of aircraft for the next seventy years ( it was disbanded in 1979 ) .
533david lloyd george1PERSON a radical liberal , haldane was also , according to historian martin pugh , one of the " best supporters " of david lloyd george 's " people 's budget . "
534equivalent1ABSTRACT ENTITY by 1905 he was earning £20,000 per annum at the bar ( equivalent to £2.7 million in 2023 ) .
535articles1UNKNOWN the philosopher-politician wrote several articles for the advanced and progressive contemporary review .
536cigar smoker1PERSON a lifelong walker and cigar smoker , he was diagnosed diabetic .
537representation1ACT writings haldane co-translated the first english edition of schopenhauer 's the world as will and representation , published between 1883 and 1886 .
538conflicts1EVENT cook v deeks ukpc 10 , no conflicts of interest for company directors *
539freedom1PERSON the philosophy of ' national efficiency ' was central feature of the hegelian complex , and the ideas of schopenhauer , he had learnt on the continent , that accentuated freedom and decentralisation from an historicist 's perspective .
540canadian1UNKNOWN contribution to canadian constitutional law as lord chancellor , haldane was a member of the judicial committee of the privy council , at that time the court of last resort for the empire .
541liberal member1PERSON in november 1885 , haldane was elected liberal member of parliament for haddingtonshire , a seat he held until 1911 .
542viscount haldane kt om pc frs fsa fba haldane1PERSON british politician and judge the right honourable the viscount haldane kt om pc frs fsa fba haldane in 1919 lord chancellor
543constitutional1ABSTRACT ENTITY during the constitutional and budget crisis of 1909-11 , haldane advised his friend and prime minister , asquith on the legal niceties of his stance towards the monarch , who was outraged at the firebrand speeches from churchill and lloyd george .
544labour government1GOVERNMENT when the labour government was formed by ramsay macdonald in early 1924 , haldane served once again as lord chancellor .
545windsor1PLACE in october 1907 haldane was intimately involved with the negotiations at windsor with kaiser wilhelm ii .
546nothing1PERSON lloyd george knows nothing for precedents and cares for no principles , but he has fire in his belly and that is what we want . "
547centre party1FORCE he told rosebery " a sense of nation is working towards ...a great centre party . "
548colleague1PERSON in november 1923 lord birkenhead , the conservative politician , praised haldane 's contribution to britain 's preparedness for the first world war : in the welter of sentimentality , amid which great britain might easily have mouldered into ruin , my valued colleague , lord haldane , presented a figure alike interesting , individual , and arresting .
549commander in chief1PERSON
550whig politician lord camperdown1PERSON a cousin , the whig politician lord camperdown encouraged the young barrister into standing as a liberal at the general election of 1880 .
551estimates1PLACE however , haldane 's first estimates reduced the army by 16,600 men and reduced expenditure by £2.6m to £28 million , as the liberals had been elected on a platform of retrenchment .
552classroom1ROOM he had in fact said that about professor hermann lotze 's classroom at göttingen at a dinner party given by mrs humphry ward in april 1913 to enable him to meet some german professors during his mission .
553earl loreburn1PERSON asquith preceded by the earl loreburn succeeded by the lord buckmaster
554professor hermann lotze1PERSON he had in fact said that about professor hermann lotze 's classroom at göttingen at a dinner party given by mrs humphry ward in april 1913 to enable him to meet some german professors during his mission .
555f. r. scott1PERSON haldane 's approach to the division of powers was heavily criticised by some academics and lawyers in canada , such as f. r. scott and chief justice bora laskin , as unduly favouring the provinces over the federal government and depriving it of the powers needed to deal with modern economic issues .
556commons1UNKNOWN after the conservative government of arthur balfour fell in december 1905 there was some speculation that asquith and his allies haldane and grey would refuse to serve unless henry campbell-bannerman accepted a peerage , which would have left asquith as the real leader in the house of commons .
557shareholders1PERSON sinclair v brougham ac 398 , priority for depositors over shareholders * nocton v lord ashburton ac 932 , fiduciary duty of giving non-negligent advice * dunlop pneumatic tyre co ltd v selfridge & co ltd ukhl 1 , no right to enforce resale price maintenance without a contract *
558emergencies1SITUATION before haldane , there was only the defence committee of the cabinet , which met only in emergencies , and the colonial defence committee .
559tory power1POWER rosebery admired haldane 's intellect , and the scotsman urged upon his friend , whom he had known since 1886 , an assault on tory power in the lords in 1894 .
560robert haldane1PERSON background and education haldane was born at 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , the son of robert haldane and his wife mary elizabeth , daughter of richard burdon-sanderson .
561escutcheon quarterly1ACTION coat of arms of richard haldane , 1st viscount haldane crest an eagle 's head erased or . escutcheon quarterly 1st & 4th argent a saltire engrailed sable ( haldane ) ; 2nd argent a saltire between four roses gules ( lennox ) ; 3rd or a bend chequy sable & argent ( menteith ) ; in the centre of the quarters a crescent sable , all within a bordure or . motto suffer orders order of the thistle order of merit ( not pictured )
562fluent1PERSON a fluent german-speaker , haldane was lulled into a false sense of security believing ' like a bear with a sore head ' that he had won a great deal .
563haldane family1HUMAN GROUP papers and photographs of richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , and of the haldane family . , national library of scotland an autobiography .
564sir william haldane1PERSON he was the grandson of the scottish evangelist james alexander haldane , the brother of respiratory physiologist john scott haldane , sir william haldane and author elizabeth haldane , and the uncle of j. b. s. haldane , robert haldane makgill and naomi mitchison .
565priority1PERSON sinclair v brougham ac 398 , priority for depositors over shareholders * nocton v lord ashburton ac 932 , fiduciary duty of giving non-negligent advice * dunlop pneumatic tyre co ltd v selfridge & co ltd ukhl 1 , no right to enforce resale price maintenance without a contract *
566statesman1PERSON education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
567november prime minister ramsay macdonald1PERSON
568kedleston1UNKNOWN in office 22 january 1924 - 3 november 1924 prime minister ramsay macdonald preceded by the marquess curzon of kedleston succeeded by the marquess curzon of kedleston secretary of state for war
569blue post public house1PLACE in 1881 haldane met h. h. asquith , and they soon became firm friends often meeting at the blue post public house on cork street .
570passage1PERSON he became leader in the lords , responsible for the passage of the parliament act .
571training1UNKNOWN force of 14 divisions ( the original plan was for 28 ) and 14 mounted yeomanry brigades at home , the officer training corps and the special reserve .
572firm friends1FUNCTION in 1881 haldane met h. h. asquith , and they soon became firm friends often meeting at the blue post public house on cork street .
573empiricism1PERSON the rising tide of new liberalism and moral realism was for haldane , hegel 's philological precept to improve behaviour , using the empiricism of scientific data as a proof .
574administration1ARRANGEMENT he later joined the labour party and again served as lord chancellor in 1924 in the first labour administration .
575redemption1ACT kreglinger v new patagonia meat & cold storage co ltd ukhl 1 , no clog on equity of redemption *
576ideas1ACT the philosophy of ' national efficiency ' was central feature of the hegelian complex , and the ideas of schopenhauer , he had learnt on the continent , that accentuated freedom and decentralisation from an historicist 's perspective .
577jobs1PROCESS on 13 december 1905 , haldane was appointed secretary of state for war , but he may have been offered the jobs of attorney-general and home secretary . ( grey became foreign secretary ) .
578efficiency1QUALITY the philosophy of ' national efficiency ' was central feature of the hegelian complex , and the ideas of schopenhauer , he had learnt on the continent , that accentuated freedom and decentralisation from an historicist 's perspective .
579incident1EVENT in march 1914 haldane 's successor at the war office , jack seely , resigned following the curragh incident .
580preface1ABILITY haldane added the preface to leonard hobhouse 's the labour movement in 1893 .
581dinner1FOOD he had in fact said that about professor hermann lotze 's classroom at göttingen at a dinner party given by mrs humphry ward in april 1913 to enable him to meet some german professors during his mission .
582wilderness1INSTITUTION liberal imperialist focusing on his writings , haldane was passed over for political office , being the only one of his group left out in the wilderness .
583end1UNKNOWN at the end of his life lord haldane was elected chancellor of the university of st andrews in june 1928 .
584boer war1EVENT in 1900 , during the boer war , army expenditure was £86.8m , by 1910 ( a low point , after four years of cuts under the liberals ) it had dropped to £27.6m and by 1914 it had risen back to £29.4m .
585berlin main article1ARTICLE haldane mission of 1912 to berlin main article : haldane mission 1912 saw the unsuccessful attempt of the haldane mission , an effort to quell the friction between britain and germany arising because of their escalating naval arms race .
586anything1ANYTHING neither the former prime minister arthur balfour , haldane 's closest friend amongst the conservatives , nor asquith , the liberal prime minister of the day and haldane 's closest political ally and friend for over 30 years , did anything to resist bonar law 's demands .
587expense1ACT he gave the decision for the judicial committee in several of those cases , and showed a marked tendency to favour the provincial powers at the expense of the federal government .
588thing1ENTITY but it seems now as if this were not to be and we have to do the only thing we can do , which is to resolutely follow a plan of concerted action " .
589relugas compact1AGREEMENT however , the plot ( called " the relugas compact " after grey 's
590case1STUDY for instance , in the case of in re the board of commerce act , 1919 , and the combines and fair prices act , he gave the decision striking down federal legislation which attempted to regulate the economy , challenging the legality of the canadian legislature .
591popularity1ACT haldane 's removal was on account of the popularity of the press 's campaign relating to haldane 's alleged pro-german sympathies .
592son1PERSON background and education haldane was born at 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , the son of robert haldane and his wife mary elizabeth , daughter of richard burdon-sanderson .
593fair prices act1ACT for instance , in the case of in re the board of commerce act , 1919 , and the combines and fair prices act , he gave the decision striking down federal legislation which attempted to regulate the economy , challenging the legality of the canadian legislature .
594discussion club1INSTITUTION club , a political dining and discussion club formed in 1879 .
595party liberal1PERSON auchterarder , scotland political party liberal ( 1879-1923 ) labour ( 1923-1928 )
596perspective1SOUND the philosophy of ' national efficiency ' was central feature of the hegelian complex , and the ideas of schopenhauer , he had learnt on the continent , that accentuated freedom and decentralisation from an historicist 's perspective .
597kreglinger v new patagonia meat1MEAT kreglinger v new patagonia meat & cold storage co ltd ukhl 1 , no clog on equity of redemption *
598united kingdom1PLACE haldane was also instrumental in the creation the advisory committee for aeronautics in 1909 , which provided the fledgling aircraft industry in the united kingdom with a sound body of science on which to base the development of aircraft for the next seventy years ( it was disbanded in 1979 ) .
599constraints1CONDITION despite the budgetary constraints , haldane implemented a wide-ranging set of reforms of the army , aimed at preparing the army for an imperial war but with the more likely ( and secret ) task of a european war .
600nation1PERSON he told rosebery " a sense of nation is working towards ...a great centre party . "
601labour administration1ARRANGEMENT he later joined the labour party and again served as lord chancellor in 1924 in the first labour administration .
602import1FORM but the import was the berlin-baghdad railway which germany was hoping to construct with british approval .
603martin1PERSON a radical liberal , haldane was also , according to historian martin pugh , one of the " best supporters " of david lloyd george 's " people 's budget . "
604coronation honours list1ACT on 11 august 1902 , haldane was admitted to the privy council , following an announcement of the king 's intention to make the appointment in the 1902 coronation honours list , published in june that year .
605major general haig1PERSON
606governance1PROCESS as president of the institute of public administration , he was a leading intellectual on the philosophy of governance .
607relationship1RELATIONSHIP to the detriment of their relationship , asquith gave no personal expression to haldane .
608archerfield1UNKNOWN on promoting churchill to first lord of the admiralty , asquith advised him to seek haldane 's advice at a meeting held at archerfield , north berwick .
609lord loreburn1PERSON on lord loreburn 's retirement in june 1912 , haldane succeeded him as lord chancellor , making a self-deprecating speech as to his abilities as a legal expert .
610provinces1ENTITY haldane 's approach to the division of powers was heavily criticised by some academics and lawyers in canada , such as f. r. scott and chief justice bora laskin , as unduly favouring the provinces over the federal government and depriving it of the powers needed to deal with modern economic issues .
611year haldane1PERSON although not elected that year haldane joined the eighty
612librarian1PERSON amongst his early friends was edmund gosse , the librarian of the house of lords library .
613second1EVENT he was accredited as an efficient bureaucratic leader , notably founding the territorial army in a second memorandum .
614monarch1PERSON in office 10 june 1912 - 25 may 1915 monarch george v prime minister h. h.
615lord parmoor1PERSON he was also joint leader of the labour peers with lord parmoor .
616risk1STATEMENT that carried an unacceptable risk encouraging germany to go to war with france or russia and taking control of the continent .
617historicist1PERSON the philosophy of ' national efficiency ' was central feature of the hegelian complex , and the ideas of schopenhauer , he had learnt on the continent , that accentuated freedom and decentralisation from an historicist 's perspective .
618gifford lectures1PERSON haldane published " the pathway to reality " , based on the gifford lectures which he had delivered at the university of st andrews .
619miss valentine ferguson1PERSON haldane remained a lifelong bachelor after his fiancée , miss valentine ferguson , broke off their engagement .
620health problems1EVENT portrait by philip de lászló , 1928 haldane had health problems all his life .
621wife mary elizabeth1PERSON background and education haldane was born at 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , the son of robert haldane and his wife mary elizabeth , daughter of richard burdon-sanderson .
622nocton v lord ashburton ac1PERSON sinclair v brougham ac 398 , priority for depositors over shareholders * nocton v lord ashburton ac 932 , fiduciary duty of giving non-negligent advice * dunlop pneumatic tyre co ltd v selfridge & co ltd ukhl 1 , no right to enforce resale price maintenance without a contract *
623will1UNKNOWN writings haldane co-translated the first english edition of schopenhauer 's the world as will and representation , published between 1883 and 1886 .
624aircraft industry1INSTITUTION haldane was also instrumental in the creation the advisory committee for aeronautics in 1909 , which provided the fledgling aircraft industry in the united kingdom with a sound body of science on which to base the development of aircraft for the next seventy years ( it was disbanded in 1979 ) .
625criticism1ACT he had refused a place at balliol , but in nodding respect for the master and philosopher , t. h. green , he dedicated his essays in philosophical criticism to him .
626secretaries1EVENT walter reid believed haldane to be the greatest of the secretaries for war .
627fortunes1STATE stumbling from illness to illness , haldane 's own bad health was similar to king edward 's declining fortunes .
628impact1ACTION his efforts have left a lasting impact on both the uk 's defense and educational landscapes .
629data1ABSTRACT ENTITY the rising tide of new liberalism and moral realism was for haldane , hegel 's philological precept to improve behaviour , using the empiricism of scientific data as a proof .
630viscount cave leader1PERSON in office 22 january 1924 - 6 november 1924 monarch george v prime minister ramsay macdonald preceded by the viscount cave succeeded by the viscount cave leader of the house of lords
631decentralisation1UNKNOWN the philosophy of ' national efficiency ' was central feature of the hegelian complex , and the ideas of schopenhauer , he had learnt on the continent , that accentuated freedom and decentralisation from an historicist 's perspective .
632damages1EVENT heilbut , symons & co v buckleton ukhl 2 , no damages for non-fraudulent misrepresentation , reversed by hedley byrne * british westinghouse electric and manufacturing co v underground
633retirement1ACT on lord loreburn 's retirement in june 1912 , haldane succeeded him as lord chancellor , making a self-deprecating speech as to his abilities as a legal expert .
634researchers1PERSON this work led to the idea that decisions about what to spend research funds on should be made by researchers rather than politicians being named the haldane principle .
635sentimentality1ACT in november 1923 lord birkenhead , the conservative politician , praised haldane 's contribution to britain 's preparedness for the first world war : in the welter of sentimentality , amid which great britain might easily have mouldered into ruin , my valued colleague , lord haldane , presented a figure alike interesting , individual , and arresting .
636november lord1PERSON
637junior1PERSON davey in 1882 as the junior .
638t. h. green1PERSON he had refused a place at balliol , but in nodding respect for the master and philosopher , t. h. green , he dedicated his essays in philosophical criticism to him .
639aristotelian society1INSTITUTION from 1907 to 1908 , he was president of the aristotelian society .
640height1QUALITY perhaps his greatest speech on education was made in house of lords on 12 july 1916 , at the height of the terrible slaughter on the western front .
641precept1RULE the rising tide of new liberalism and moral realism was for haldane , hegel 's philological precept to improve behaviour , using the empiricism of scientific data as a proof .
642sister1PERSON in 1888 , he courted emma valentine ferguson , sister of his liberal party friend , ronald munro-ferguson ; she broke off the engagement and subsequently lampooned him in her novel betsy in 1892 .
643lord rosebery1PERSON haldane remained an ally of asquith and grey in the liberal imperialist wing of the party , followers of lord rosebery rather than of sir william harcourt .
644eighty club1INSTITUTION
645realism1INSTANCE the rising tide of new liberalism and moral realism was for haldane , hegel 's philological precept to improve behaviour , using the empiricism of scientific data as a proof .
646coinage1ABSTRACT ENTITY in speech fluent and even infinite he yielded to no living idealist in the easy coinage of sentimental phraseology .
647love1PERSON " the reign of relativity " combined haldane 's love of all things german expressed by goethe and his works , with the hegelian military-industrial complex .
648great war1EVENT haldane at west point sometime before the great war .
649language1LANGUAGE but he none the less prepared himself , and the empire , to talk when the time came with his spiritual friends in language not in the least spiritual .
650experience1COGNITIVE STATE human experience :
651people1HUMAN GROUP a radical liberal , haldane was also , according to historian martin pugh , one of the " best supporters " of david lloyd george 's " people 's budget . "
652retrenchment1STUDY however , haldane 's first estimates reduced the army by 16,600 men and reduced expenditure by £2.6m to £28 million , as the liberals had been elected on a platform of retrenchment .
653paisley by election1PERSON
654development1SUBSTANCE haldane was also instrumental in the creation the advisory committee for aeronautics in 1909 , which provided the fledgling aircraft industry in the united kingdom with a sound body of science on which to base the development of aircraft for the next seventy years ( it was disbanded in 1979 ) .
655injustice1POWER roy jenkins in his biography of asquith describes the charges as " absolute nonsense " and max egremont describes balfour as " knowing the injustice behind the charges " and " being privately indignant " .
656honour1UNKNOWN he was also involved in the founding of imperial college in 1907 and in his honour the university contained the haldane recreational library , which now forms part of the main library collection .
657institutions1INSTITUTION beyond his military contributions , haldane was a significant figure in education , contributing to the founding of institutions such as imperial college london and the london school of economics .
658arthur balfour1PERSON after the conservative government of arthur balfour fell in december 1905 there was some speculation that asquith and his allies haldane and grey would refuse to serve unless henry campbell-bannerman accepted a peerage , which would have left asquith as the real leader in the house of commons .
659protection1ACT he opposed any attempt to protection of british trade .
660fire1FIRE lloyd george knows nothing for precedents and cares for no principles , but he has fire in his belly and that is what we want . "
661king edward1PERSON stumbling from illness to illness , haldane 's own bad health was similar to king edward 's declining fortunes .
662lodge1SEQUENCE scottish lodge where the men met ) collapsed when asquith agreed to serve as chancellor of the exchequer under campbell-bannerman .
663supporters1PERSON a radical liberal , haldane was also , according to historian martin pugh , one of the " best supporters " of david lloyd george 's " people 's budget . "
664general aylmer haldane1PERSON following his departure from the government haldane went to the front to meet his old friend general haig , and his cousin , general aylmer haldane , but he was exhausted on being ejected from cabinet .
665tide1TENDENCY the rising tide of new liberalism and moral realism was for haldane , hegel 's philological precept to improve behaviour , using the empiricism of scientific data as a proof .
666talents1EVENT the military historian correlli barnett claimed that haldane had " all-round personal talents far exceeding those of his predecessors " as secretary of state for war and that he was " a man of first-class intellect and wide education " .
667polwarth1UNKNOWN at the 1892 general election , he received a shock when nearly defeated by the liberal unionist , walter hepburne-scott , master of polwarth .
668approach1ACT haldane 's approach to the division of powers was heavily criticised by some academics and lawyers in canada , such as f. r. scott and chief justice bora laskin , as unduly favouring the provinces over the federal government and depriving it of the powers needed to deal with modern economic issues .
669north berwick1PLACE on promoting churchill to first lord of the admiralty , asquith advised him to seek haldane 's advice at a meeting held at archerfield , north berwick .
670first world war haldane1PERSON following the outbreak of the first world war haldane was falsely accused of pro-german sympathies , in july 1914 , for hosting albert ballin , a german shipping magnate and unofficial mediator between germany and britain .
671albert grey committee1HUMAN GROUP they were founders of the albert grey committee , named after albert grey , regularly discussing burning social issues , such as education .
672spiritual1PERSON he was harried in particular by beaverbrook 's daily express , which gave great publicity to the claim by professor onkel of heidelberg that he had said " germany was his spiritual home " .
673founders1PERSON they were founders of the albert grey committee , named after albert grey , regularly discussing burning social issues , such as education .
674structure1STRUCTURE a study of its structure .
675effects1EFFECT the effects of some of these decisions have subsequently been modified by later decisions of the judicial committee and the supreme court of canada , but they have had the long-term effect of recognising substantial provincial powers .
676richard haldane haldane1PERSON education university of göttingen university of edinburgh profession barrister 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , birthplace of richard haldane haldane caricatured by spy in vanity fair , 1896 richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , kt , om , pc , frs , fsa , fba ( /ˈhɔːldeɪn/ ; 30 july 1856 - 19 august 1928 ) was a scottish lawyer , philosopher , influential liberal and later labour politician and statesman .
677german general staff1GOVERNMENT his reforms re-oriented british military policy , revamped army organization along the lines of the german general staff , upgraded the training of the auxiliary forces , and created an efficient and economically run service .
678announcement1EVENT on 11 august 1902 , haldane was admitted to the privy council , following an announcement of the king 's intention to make the appointment in the 1902 coronation honours list , published in june that year .
679responsibility1RESPONSIBILITY rather than appoint a successor , asquith decided to take over responsibility for the war office directly himself .
680euston1PERSON haldane was responsible for drafting the london university act 1926 , purchasing properties in euston .
681condition1CONDITION at a meeting with beatrice webb haldane told her he was disconsolate at the condition of the liberal party : " rot has set in there is no hope now but to be beaten and then reconstruct a new party " .
682albert einstein1PERSON being a fluent german speaker , ascetic philosopher and atheist , he played host to albert einstein , when he visited london in 1921 .
683articles club1INSTITUTION haldane joined friends at the articles club , including asquith and grey .
684contract1PERSON sinclair v brougham ac 398 , priority for depositors over shareholders * nocton v lord ashburton ac 932 , fiduciary duty of giving non-negligent advice * dunlop pneumatic tyre co ltd v selfridge & co ltd ukhl 1 , no right to enforce resale price maintenance without a contract *
685intention1PROCESS on 11 august 1902 , haldane was admitted to the privy council , following an announcement of the king 's intention to make the appointment in the 1902 coronation honours list , published in june that year .
686army reform1AMOUNT army reform and other addresses ( 1907 )
687j. b. s. haldane1PERSON he was the grandson of the scottish evangelist james alexander haldane , the brother of respiratory physiologist john scott haldane , sir william haldane and author elizabeth haldane , and the uncle of j. b. s. haldane , robert haldane makgill and naomi mitchison .
688fabian campaigners sidney1PERSON
689arms caption1CONDITION arms caption :
690wing1PERSON haldane became firmly ensconced in the imperialist wing of liberalism , led by sir edward grey .
691age1PROPERTY membership was restricted to liberals under the age of forty .
692solicitor general1PERSON
693frs1PERSON british politician and judge the right honourable the viscount haldane kt om pc frs fsa fba haldane in 1919 lord chancellor
694claim1AMOUNT he was harried in particular by beaverbrook 's daily express , which gave great publicity to the claim by professor onkel of heidelberg that he had said " germany was his spiritual home " .
695thinker1PERSON haldane was a deep thinker , an unusual breed : a philosopher-politician .
696co v buckleton ukhl1UNKNOWN heilbut , symons & co v buckleton ukhl 2 , no damages for non-fraudulent misrepresentation , reversed by hedley byrne * british westinghouse electric and manufacturing co v underground
697parliament act1ACT he became leader in the lords , responsible for the passage of the parliament act .
698government haldane1PERSON following his departure from the government haldane went to the front to meet his old friend general haig , and his cousin , general aylmer haldane , but he was exhausted on being ejected from cabinet .
699thistle order1PERSON coat of arms of richard haldane , 1st viscount haldane crest an eagle 's head erased or . escutcheon quarterly 1st & 4th argent a saltire engrailed sable ( haldane ) ; 2nd argent a saltire between four roses gules ( lennox ) ; 3rd or a bend chequy sable & argent ( menteith ) ; in the centre of the quarters a crescent sable , all within a bordure or . motto suffer orders order of the thistle order of merit ( not pictured )
700jasperson v dominion tobacco co ac1PERSON company limited and others v the king ukpc 27 * macedo v stroud ac 330 , property transfer * jasperson v dominion tobacco co ac 709 , interference with contractual relations *
701implications1PERSON he wrote several philosophical works , the best known of which is the reign of relativity ( 1921 ) , which dealt with the philosophical implications of the theory of relativity .
702king ukpc1PERSON company limited and others v the king ukpc 27 * macedo v stroud ac 330 , property transfer * jasperson v dominion tobacco co ac 709 , interference with contractual relations *
703socialism1GROUP webb remarked , " he had pathos in his personality , a successful lawyer tinged with socialism . "
704richard burdon sanderson1PERSON
705democracy1QUALITY the future of democracy ( 1918 ) .
706pleadings1ACT haldane 's practice was a specialism in conveyancing ; a particular skill for pleadings at appeal and tribunal cases , bringing cases to the privy council and house of lords .
707pensions1INSTANCE in march 1914 effective expenditure on the army , after allowing for increased pensions and £1m set aside for military aviation , was still less than in 1907-8 , and £2m less than in 1905-6 ( despite a 20 % rise in prices since then ) .
708departure1ACT following his departure from the government haldane went to the front to meet his old friend general haig , and his cousin , general aylmer haldane , but he was exhausted on being ejected from cabinet .
709article1ARTICLE in the 1890 article " the eight hours question "
710home secretary1PERSON on 13 december 1905 , haldane was appointed secretary of state for war , but he may have been offered the jobs of attorney-general and home secretary . ( grey became foreign secretary ) .
711stance1PROPERTY during the constitutional and budget crisis of 1909-11 , haldane advised his friend and prime minister , asquith on the legal niceties of his stance towards the monarch , who was outraged at the firebrand speeches from churchill and lloyd george .
712edition1PERSON writings haldane co-translated the first english edition of schopenhauer 's the world as will and representation , published between 1883 and 1886 .
713emperor1PERSON the germanophile and linguist was thrilled to be summoned at 1 am to talk with the emperor over whisky on arms reduction principles .
714future1VALUE the future of democracy ( 1918 ) .
715french1PLACE haldane was persuaded by fellow liberal imperialist edward grey to begin planning for a continental war in support of the french against the germans .
716toronto electric commissioners v. snider1PERSON similarly , in toronto electric commissioners v. snider , lord haldane struck down a federal statute attempting to regulate industrial disputes , holding that it was not within federal authority under either the peace , order and good government power , nor the federal trade and commerce power .
717minister1HUMAN ROLE in office 10 june 1912 - 25 may 1915 monarch george v prime minister h. h.
718formula1EVENT army expenditure was determined according to a formula devised by the esher committee .
719nonsense1PURPOSE roy jenkins in his biography of asquith describes the charges as " absolute nonsense " and max egremont describes balfour as " knowing the injustice behind the charges " and " being privately indignant " .
720philip de lászló1PERSON portrait by philip de lászló , 1928 haldane had health problems all his life .
721family butler1PERSON leo amery said he looked like " the old-fashioned family butler " .
722ruin1CONDITION in november 1923 lord birkenhead , the conservative politician , praised haldane 's contribution to britain 's preparedness for the first world war : in the welter of sentimentality , amid which great britain might easily have mouldered into ruin , my valued colleague , lord haldane , presented a figure alike interesting , individual , and arresting .
723action1ACTION but it seems now as if this were not to be and we have to do the only thing we can do , which is to resolutely follow a plan of concerted action " .
724lurch1PERSON we never knew when he would retire and leave us in the lurch " .
725element1ELEMENT the main element of this was the establishment of the british expeditionary
726supreme court1PERSON the effects of some of these decisions have subsequently been modified by later decisions of the judicial committee and the supreme court of canada , but they have had the long-term effect of recognising substantial provincial powers .
727soldier1UNKNOWN j. a . spender later wrote of how haldane got the best work out of an able but verbally-incoherent soldier ( thought to refer to haig ) by not scoring verbal points off him , as many politicians would have done .
728brother1PERSON he was the grandson of the scottish evangelist james alexander haldane , the brother of respiratory physiologist john scott haldane , sir william haldane and author elizabeth haldane , and the uncle of j. b. s. haldane , robert haldane makgill and naomi mitchison .
729security1FORCE a fluent german-speaker , haldane was lulled into a false sense of security believing ' like a bear with a sore head ' that he had won a great deal .
730viscount cave1PERSON in office 22 january 1924 - 6 november 1924 monarch george v prime minister ramsay macdonald preceded by the viscount cave succeeded by the viscount cave leader of the house of lords
731conduct1ACT the conduct of life , and other addresses .
732recommendations1EVENT esher had recommended the setting up of an army council and the abolition of the post of commander-in-chief , but few of his recommendations had been implemented before the change of government in december 1905 .
733creed1PERSON in october 1888 , " the liberal creed " was published summarising his belief in the direction of new liberalism .
734bed rest1STATE he suffered from bad rheumatism , a stigmata in the eye and in 1909 , he had to take bed rest when going blind from iritis .
735scholar1PERSON he gained a first and ma at university of edinburgh where he received first-class honours in philosophy and was gray scholar and ferguson scholar .
736machinery1GROUP in december 1918 , lloyd george appointed haldane chairman of ' the machinery of government ' committee .
737publicity1PERSON he was harried in particular by beaverbrook 's daily express , which gave great publicity to the claim by professor onkel of heidelberg that he had said " germany was his spiritual home " .
738seat1ABSTRACT ENTITY in november 1885 , haldane was elected liberal member of parliament for haddingtonshire , a seat he held until 1911 .
739webbs1UNKNOWN in 1895 , haldane helped the webbs found the london school of economics .
740british north america act1ACT he sat on several cases from canada dealing with the division of powers between the federal and provincial governments under the canadian constitution , particularly the interplay between sections 91 and 92 of the british north america act 1867 .
741annual american seminar1GROUP he made some famous speeches at toynbee hall for the annual american seminar .
742gift1PERSON having been awarded the order of merit in 1915 , in the personal gift of george v , he wrote a memorandum of events , 1906-15 , to defend his reputation .
743proof1FORCE the rising tide of new liberalism and moral realism was for haldane , hegel 's philological precept to improve behaviour , using the empiricism of scientific data as a proof .
744purist1PERSON hegel was a purist : his work attempted to keep science and philosophy apart .
745days1PERIOD those reforms enabled britain to send some 120,000 men to france in fifteen days in august 1914 .
746interplay1RELATIONSHIP he sat on several cases from canada dealing with the division of powers between the federal and provincial governments under the canadian constitution , particularly the interplay between sections 91 and 92 of the british north america act 1867 .
747coefficients1UNKNOWN haldane was a member of the coefficients dining club of social reformers set up in 1902 by the fabian campaigners
748mother1PERSON at the time of the paisley by-election of january 1920 haldane was in the process of shifting his sympathies from liberal to labour , and was wrongly thought to have endorsed labour ( earning a rebuke from margot asquith , whom haldane thought " tiresome because she is ignorant " , to his aged mother ) .
749haldane recreational library1PLACE he was also involved in the founding of imperial college in 1907 and in his honour the university contained the haldane recreational library , which now forms part of the main library collection .
750lords lord temporal hereditary1PERSON in office 10 december 1905 - 12 june 1912 prime minister sir henry campbell-bannerman h. h. asquith preceded by h. o. arnold-forster succeeded by colonel j.e.b . seely member of the house of lords lord temporal hereditary peerage 27 march 1911 - 19 august 1928 member of parliament for haddingtonshire
751labour candidates1AMOUNT it was not until the general election of 1923 that haldane formally sided with labour , and made several speeches on behalf of labour candidates .
752professors1UNKNOWN he had in fact said that about professor hermann lotze 's classroom at göttingen at a dinner party given by mrs humphry ward in april 1913 to enable him to meet some german professors during his mission .
753education act1ACT he was largely responsible for the cross-party support for balfour 's education act 1902 .
754budget1DOCUMENT PART a radical liberal , haldane was also , according to historian martin pugh , one of the " best supporters " of david lloyd george 's " people 's budget . "
755menteith1UNKNOWN coat of arms of richard haldane , 1st viscount haldane crest an eagle 's head erased or . escutcheon quarterly 1st & 4th argent a saltire engrailed sable ( haldane ) ; 2nd argent a saltire between four roses gules ( lennox ) ; 3rd or a bend chequy sable & argent ( menteith ) ; in the centre of the quarters a crescent sable , all within a bordure or . motto suffer orders order of the thistle order of merit ( not pictured )
756queen1PERSON by 1890 he had become a queen 's counsel .
757chief justice bora laskin1PERSON haldane 's approach to the division of powers was heavily criticised by some academics and lawyers in canada , such as f. r. scott and chief justice bora laskin , as unduly favouring the provinces over the federal government and depriving it of the powers needed to deal with modern economic issues .
758kedleston secretary1PERSON in office 22 january 1924 - 3 november 1924 prime minister ramsay macdonald preceded by the marquess curzon of kedleston succeeded by the marquess curzon of kedleston secretary of state for war
759authority1STATUS similarly , in toronto electric commissioners v. snider , lord haldane struck down a federal statute attempting to regulate industrial disputes , holding that it was not within federal authority under either the peace , order and good government power , nor the federal trade and commerce power .
760terms1TERM by 1914 britain spent 3.4 % of national income on defence , little more in absolute terms than austria-hungary 's 6.1 % .
761stigmata1UNKNOWN he suffered from bad rheumatism , a stigmata in the eye and in 1909 , he had to take bed rest when going blind from iritis .
762viscountcy1UNKNOWN the viscountcy became extinct on his death .
763intellects1FORM on haldane 's death the times described him as " one of the most powerful , subtle and encyclopaedic intellects ever devoted to the public service of his country " .
764esher1PERSON army expenditure was determined according to a formula devised by the esher committee .
765woman1PERSON jenkins describes the omission as " the most uncharacteristic fault of asquith 's whole career " attributing it to asquith suffering the " indescribable blow " of the surprise announcement of the engagement of the woman he loved , venetia stanley , to one of his government ministers , edwin montagu .
766cloan1UNKNOWN two elections ensued , one in january and another in december 1910 , before in 1911 he was raised to the peerage as viscount haldane , of cloan in the county of perth .
767relations1RELATION company limited and others v the king ukpc 27 * macedo v stroud ac 330 , property transfer * jasperson v dominion tobacco co ac 709 , interference with contractual relations *
768effort1ACTION haldane mission of 1912 to berlin main article : haldane mission 1912 saw the unsuccessful attempt of the haldane mission , an effort to quell the friction between britain and germany arising because of their escalating naval arms race .
769phraseology1STUDY in speech fluent and even infinite he yielded to no living idealist in the easy coinage of sentimental phraseology .
770upstairs1UNKNOWN haldane had suggested involving the king at balmoral to ' kick cb upstairs ' .
771solution1OCCURRENCE when the irish war of independence broke out in 1919 , haldane was one of the first british politicians to argue that the solution lay in compromise rather than force .
772imperial college1INSTITUTION beyond his military contributions , haldane was a significant figure in education , contributing to the founding of institutions such as imperial college london and the london school of economics .
773friend general haig1PERSON following his departure from the government haldane went to the front to meet his old friend general haig , and his cousin , general aylmer haldane , but he was exhausted on being ejected from cabinet .
774life portrait1PERSON
775defence committee1HUMAN GROUP before haldane , there was only the defence committee of the cabinet , which met only in emergencies , and the colonial defence committee .
776october haldane1PERSON
777memorandum1NUMBER usually critical , rosebery remarked on haldane 's interest in philosophy , declaring : " i have read his secret memorandum , and that was enough " .
778room1ROOM osbert sitwell described him as " entering a room with the air of a whole procession " .
779new square chambers1PLACE he was taken on at 5 new square chambers by horace
780sections1ACT he sat on several cases from canada dealing with the division of powers between the federal and provincial governments under the canadian constitution , particularly the interplay between sections 91 and 92 of the british north america act 1867 .
781disputes1DISPUTE similarly , in toronto electric commissioners v. snider , lord haldane struck down a federal statute attempting to regulate industrial disputes , holding that it was not within federal authority under either the peace , order and good government power , nor the federal trade and commerce power .
782forces1UNKNOWN his reforms re-oriented british military policy , revamped army organization along the lines of the german general staff , upgraded the training of the auxiliary forces , and created an efficient and economically run service .
783hope1EVENT december 1885 - 27 march 1911 preceded by hugo charteris succeeded by john hope personal details born ( 1856-07-30) 30 july 1856 edinburgh , scotland died 19
784coat1ABSTRACT ENTITY coat of arms of richard haldane , 1st viscount haldane crest an eagle 's head erased or . escutcheon quarterly 1st & 4th argent a saltire engrailed sable ( haldane ) ; 2nd argent a saltire between four roses gules ( lennox ) ; 3rd or a bend chequy sable & argent ( menteith ) ; in the centre of the quarters a crescent sable , all within a bordure or . motto suffer orders order of the thistle order of merit ( not pictured )
785john hope personal details born1PERSON december 1885 - 27 march 1911 preceded by hugo charteris succeeded by john hope personal details born ( 1856-07-30) 30 july 1856 edinburgh , scotland died 19
786jack seely1PERSON in march 1914 haldane 's successor at the war office , jack seely , resigned following the curragh incident .
787desire1EVENT hegel 's aristocratic desire for law and order and defence of property against revolution had a mathematical symmetry .
788abilities1UNKNOWN on lord loreburn 's retirement in june 1912 , haldane succeeded him as lord chancellor , making a self-deprecating speech as to his abilities as a legal expert .
789point1PLACE in 1900 , during the boer war , army expenditure was £86.8m , by 1910 ( a low point , after four years of cuts under the liberals ) it had dropped to £27.6m and by 1914 it had risen back to £29.4m .
790advances1EVENT from a pan-european perspective he analysed the german character and economic advances towards militarism .
791welter1FORCE in november 1923 lord birkenhead , the conservative politician , praised haldane 's contribution to britain 's preparedness for the first world war : in the welter of sentimentality , amid which great britain might easily have mouldered into ruin , my valued colleague , lord haldane , presented a figure alike interesting , individual , and arresting .
792roy jenkins1PERSON roy jenkins in his biography of asquith describes the charges as " absolute nonsense " and max egremont describes balfour as " knowing the injustice behind the charges " and " being privately indignant " .
793army management1ARRANGEMENT in 1907 and 1908 , haldane passed far-reaching reforms to army management .
794writings haldane1PERSON writings haldane co-translated the first english edition of schopenhauer 's the world as will and representation , published between 1883 and 1886 .
795leo amery1PERSON leo amery said he looked like " the old-fashioned family butler " .
796fba1PERSON british politician and judge the right honourable the viscount haldane kt om pc frs fsa fba haldane in 1919 lord chancellor
797readings1PROPERTY in doing so , he gave very restrictive readings to both the " peace , order and good government " power of the federal government , as well as the federal criminal law power .
798idealist1PERSON in speech fluent and even infinite he yielded to no living idealist in the easy coinage of sentimental phraseology .
799principles1NATURE the germanophile and linguist was thrilled to be summoned at 1 am to talk with the emperor over whisky on arms reduction principles .
800international politics1ACT he founded the officers ' training corps . — lord birkenhead ( n.d. ) , idealism in international politics .
801bordure1UNKNOWN coat of arms of richard haldane , 1st viscount haldane crest an eagle 's head erased or . escutcheon quarterly 1st & 4th argent a saltire engrailed sable ( haldane ) ; 2nd argent a saltire between four roses gules ( lennox ) ; 3rd or a bend chequy sable & argent ( menteith ) ; in the centre of the quarters a crescent sable , all within a bordure or . motto suffer orders order of the thistle order of merit ( not pictured )
802influence1ELEMENT the king used his influence and charm to cultivate allies , bringing cross-party groups like the souls together in consensual amity .
803osbert sitwell1PERSON osbert sitwell described him as " entering a room with the air of a whole procession " .
804confidence1EMOTION haldane wrote , " one longs for rosebery had he been coming in to his right place at the head of affairs , we could have gone anywhere with confidence .
805capt e.r householder1PERSON haldane leaving reviewing grounds with clarence page townsley : capt e.r householder ; capt e.r. gregory army reforms main article : haldane reforms haldane set up the imperial general staff .
806change1UNKNOWN esher had recommended the setting up of an army council and the abolition of the post of commander-in-chief , but few of his recommendations had been implemented before the change of government in december 1905 .
807duty1QUALITY sinclair v brougham ac 398 , priority for depositors over shareholders * nocton v lord ashburton ac 932 , fiduciary duty of giving non-negligent advice * dunlop pneumatic tyre co ltd v selfridge & co ltd ukhl 1 , no right to enforce resale price maintenance without a contract *
808new york1PLACE new york : e. p. dutton and co. 1904 .
809insane1UNKNOWN emma ferguson died insane in 1897 .
810bencher1PERSON he became a bencher at lincoln 's inn in 1893 .
811irish war1EVENT when the irish war of independence broke out in 1919 , haldane was one of the first british politicians to argue that the solution lay in compromise rather than force .
812principle1PERSON he is versed in precedents , acts on principle , and knows how and when to compromise .
813jenkins1PERSON roy jenkins in his biography of asquith describes the charges as " absolute nonsense " and max egremont describes balfour as " knowing the injustice behind the charges " and " being privately indignant " .
814acts1ACT he is versed in precedents , acts on principle , and knows how and when to compromise .
815liberal unionist1PERSON at the 1892 general election , he received a shock when nearly defeated by the liberal unionist , walter hepburne-scott , master of polwarth .
816minds1FIGURE lennard 's carrying co ltd v asiatic petroleum co ltd ac 705 , directors are presumed to be the controlling minds of the company *
817author elizabeth haldane1PERSON he was the grandson of the scottish evangelist james alexander haldane , the brother of respiratory physiologist john scott haldane , sir william haldane and author elizabeth haldane , and the uncle of j. b. s. haldane , robert haldane makgill and naomi mitchison .
818planning1UNKNOWN the leaders of the party were exasperated and believed rosebery to lack planning and direction .
819cook v deeks ukpc1PERSON cook v deeks ukpc 10 , no conflicts of interest for company directors *
820venetia stanley1PERSON jenkins describes the omission as " the most uncharacteristic fault of asquith 's whole career " attributing it to asquith suffering the " indescribable blow " of the surprise announcement of the engagement of the woman he loved , venetia stanley , to one of his government ministers , edwin montagu .
821committee1HUMAN GROUP they were founders of the albert grey committee , named after albert grey , regularly discussing burning social issues , such as education .
822misrepresentation1INSTANCE heilbut , symons & co v buckleton ukhl 2 , no damages for non-fraudulent misrepresentation , reversed by hedley byrne * british westinghouse electric and manufacturing co v underground
823behaviour1UNKNOWN the rising tide of new liberalism and moral realism was for haldane , hegel 's philological precept to improve behaviour , using the empiricism of scientific data as a proof .
824macedo v stroud ac1PERSON company limited and others v the king ukpc 27 * macedo v stroud ac 330 , property transfer * jasperson v dominion tobacco co ac 709 , interference with contractual relations *
825joseph chamberlain1PERSON unlike joseph chamberlain he thought there was no strong connection between fiscal and imperial unity .
826main article1ARTICLE haldane leaving reviewing grounds with clarence page townsley : capt e.r householder ; capt e.r. gregory army reforms main article : haldane reforms haldane set up the imperial general staff .
827professor onkel1UNKNOWN he was harried in particular by beaverbrook 's daily express , which gave great publicity to the claim by professor onkel of heidelberg that he had said " germany was his spiritual home " .
828control1GROUP that carried an unacceptable risk encouraging germany to go to war with france or russia and taking control of the continent .
829prime minister1HUMAN ROLE in office 10 june 1912 - 25 may 1915 monarch george v prime minister h. h.
830stoughton1PERSON london : hodder and stoughton . 1929 .
831class1UNKNOWN he gained a first and ma at university of edinburgh where he received first class honours in philosophy and was gray scholar and ferguson scholar .
832latter1UNKNOWN " the latter is a large , fat man " was haig 's initial impression of a dignified but portly demeanour .
833subjects1EVENT the philosophy of humanism and of other subjects .
834e. p. dutton1PERSON new york : e. p. dutton and co. 1904 .
835out1WORD liberal imperialist focusing on his writings , haldane was passed over for political office , being the only one of his group left out in the wilderness .
836feature1PERSON the philosophy of ' national efficiency ' was central feature of the hegelian complex , and the ideas of schopenhauer , he had learnt on the continent , that accentuated freedom and decentralisation from an historicist 's perspective .
837fsa1PERSON british politician and judge the right honourable the viscount haldane kt om pc frs fsa fba haldane in 1919 lord chancellor
838russia1PLACE that carried an unacceptable risk encouraging germany to go to war with france or russia and taking control of the continent .
839army regulations1UNKNOWN having worked on the army regulations of 1909 , haig applauded " a most clear headed and practical man--very ready to listen and weigh carefully all that is said to him . "
840virtues1PERSON he wrote a biography of adam smith , extolling the virtues of free trade .
841brigades1USE force of 14 divisions ( the original plan was for 28 ) and 14 mounted yeomanry brigades at home , the officer training corps and the special reserve .
842music hall song1ARTWORK the accusations were widely believed and were even echoed in a popular music hall song ( " all dressed up and nowhere to go " ) in the revue " mr manhattan " .
843theory1COGNITIVE STATE he wrote several philosophical works , the best known of which is the reign of relativity ( 1921 ) , which dealt with the philosophical implications of the theory of relativity .
844scotsman1PERSON rosebery admired haldane 's intellect , and the scotsman urged upon his friend , whom he had known since 1886 , an assault on tory power in the lords in 1894 .
845haldane reforms haldane1PERSON haldane leaving reviewing grounds with clarence page townsley : capt e.r householder ; capt e.r. gregory army reforms main article : haldane reforms haldane set up the imperial general staff .
846negotiations1PROCESS in october 1907 haldane was intimately involved with the negotiations at windsor with kaiser wilhelm ii .
847albert ballin1PERSON following the outbreak of the first world war haldane was falsely accused of pro-german sympathies , in july 1914 , for hosting albert ballin , a german shipping magnate and unofficial mediator between germany and britain .
848heart disease1DISEASE he died suddenly of heart disease at his home in auchterarder , scotland , on 19 august 1928 , aged 72 .
849shipping magnate1PERSON following the outbreak of the first world war haldane was falsely accused of pro-german sympathies , in july 1914 , for hosting albert ballin , a german shipping magnate and unofficial mediator between germany and britain .
850national library1PLACE papers and photographs of richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , and of the haldane family . , national library of scotland an autobiography .
851naomi mitchison1PERSON he was the grandson of the scottish evangelist james alexander haldane , the brother of respiratory physiologist john scott haldane , sir william haldane and author elizabeth haldane , and the uncle of j. b. s. haldane , robert haldane makgill and naomi mitchison .
852walter hepburne scott1PERSON
853great britain1PLACE in november 1923 lord birkenhead , the conservative politician , praised haldane 's contribution to britain 's preparedness for the first world war : in the welter of sentimentality , amid which great britain might easily have mouldered into ruin , my valued colleague , lord haldane , presented a figure alike interesting , individual , and arresting .
854hedley byrne1PERSON heilbut , symons & co v buckleton ukhl 2 , no damages for non-fraudulent misrepresentation , reversed by hedley byrne * british westinghouse electric and manufacturing co v underground
855secret memorandum1NUMBER usually critical , rosebery remarked on haldane 's interest in philosophy , declaring : " i have read his secret memorandum , and that was enough " .
856resort1PLACE contribution to canadian constitutional law as lord chancellor , haldane was a member of the judicial committee of the privy council , at that time the court of last resort for the empire .
857company1INSTITUTION lennard 's carrying co ltd v asiatic petroleum co ltd ac 705 , directors are presumed to be the controlling minds of the company *
858toynbee hall1PLACE he made some famous speeches at toynbee hall for the annual american seminar .
859ramsay macdonald1PERSON in office 22 january 1924 - 6 november 1924 monarch george v prime minister ramsay macdonald preceded by the viscount cave succeeded by the viscount cave leader of the house of lords
860attorney general1PERSON
861events1UNKNOWN having been awarded the order of merit in 1915 , in the personal gift of george v , he wrote a memorandum of events , 1906-15 , to defend his reputation .
862papers1PERSON papers and photographs of richard burdon haldane , 1st viscount haldane , and of the haldane family . , national library of scotland an autobiography .
863coincidence1EVENT by coincidence , both men had been born in charlotte square , in edinburgh .
864history1SITUATION unity in the liberals helped them obtain the largest electoral majority in the party 's history in the 1906 general election .
865sound body1BODY haldane was also instrumental in the creation the advisory committee for aeronautics in 1909 , which provided the fledgling aircraft industry in the united kingdom with a sound body of science on which to base the development of aircraft for the next seventy years ( it was disbanded in 1979 ) .
866expert1PERSON on lord loreburn 's retirement in june 1912 , haldane succeeded him as lord chancellor , making a self-deprecating speech as to his abilities as a legal expert .
867background1INFORMATION background and education haldane was born at 17 charlotte square , edinburgh , the son of robert haldane and his wife mary elizabeth , daughter of richard burdon-sanderson .
868co ltd ukhl1UNKNOWN kreglinger v new patagonia meat & cold storage co ltd ukhl 1 , no clog on equity of redemption *
869situation1SITUATION as the situation in europe worsened , asquith kept haldane abreast of developments with sir edward grey at the foreign office .
870manufacturing co v underground electric railway co1PERSON
871spender1PERSON j. a . spender later wrote of how haldane got the best work out of an able but verbally-incoherent soldier ( thought to refer to haig ) by not scoring verbal points off him , as many politicians would have done .
872h. h. asquith1PERSON in office 10 december 1905 - 12 june 1912 prime minister sir henry campbell-bannerman h. h. asquith preceded by h. o. arnold-forster succeeded by colonel j.e.b . seely member of the house of lords lord temporal hereditary peerage 27 march 1911 - 19 august 1928 member of parliament for haddingtonshire
873webb1PERSON webb , the socialist who was a close intimate , remarked on how alone haldane was in the world .

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court
creation
damages
death
demands
desire
dining
fellow
first world war
formula
great war
health problems
hope
incident
irish war
life
novel
precedents
quarters
recommendations
research
respect
second
secretaries
shell crisis
shock
slaughter
subjects
surprise announcement
talents
toast
war
writings
ACT
acts
allegations
approach
army expenditure
british north america act
cabinet
canadian constitution
commerce act
conduct
conference
contemporary review
coronation honours list
criticism
departure
education act
establishment
expenditure
expense
fair prices act
idea
ideas
interest
international politics
london university act
mitigation
order
parliament act
pleadings
popularity
protection
rebuke
recognition
redemption
relativity
representation
resignation
retirement
sections
sentimentality
speculation
support
tempo
INSTITUTION
aircraft industry
aristotelian society
articles club
association
bristol
british academy
civic university
club
company
directors
discussion club
edinburgh
edinburgh academy
edinburgh sir walter scott club
education university
eighty club
göttingen
göttingen university
host
imperial college
institute
institutions
london school
organization
press
service
st andrews
university
wilderness
PERIOD
april
august
day
days
december
january
july
june
march
may
november
october
office december
office january
office june
september
time
year
years
HUMAN GROUP
advisory committee
albert grey committee
army
army council
british army
colonial defence committee
committee
council
defence committee
e.r. gregory army
esher committee
haldane family
judicial committee
labour movement
parliament
people
privy council
territorial army
PROCESS
cavalry division
division
divisions
education
election
elections
general election
german speaker
governance
intention
jobs
negotiations
process
removal
speaker
trade
FORCE
admiralty
british expeditionary force
centre party
dinner party
expeditionary force
force
friction
labour party
liberal party
party
proof
royal air force
security
territorial force
welter
STATE
bed rest
career
careers
cuts
empire
engagement
fortunes
interference
peace
personality
preparedness
procession
state
ACTION
action
affairs
attempt
effort
efforts
escutcheon quarterly
humanism
impact
issues
reform agenda
ABSTRACT ENTITY
coat
coinage
constitutional
data
equivalent
failure
niceties
seat
special reserve
warship construction
AMOUNT
accusations
army reform
british westinghouse electric
charges
claim
education reform
exchequer
labour candidates
prices
reforms
PROPERTY
age
equity
health
legality
majority
properties
property
readings
stance
GROUP
annual american seminar
control
corps
cross party groups
group
machinery
philosophy
predecessors
socialism
STUDY
case
cases
economics
economy
phraseology
retrenchment
revolution
science
study
FORM
idealism
import
intellect
intellects
match
revue
secret
CONDITION
advantage
arms caption
condition
constraints
rheumatism
ruin
tensions
INSTANCE
blow
impression
instance
misrepresentation
omission
pensions
realism
BODY
board
inn
legislature
liberalism
membership
militarism
sound body
POWER
commerce power
government power
injustice
law power
power
powers
tory power
QUALITY
abolition
democracy
duty
efficiency
height
independence
GOVERNMENT
coalition government
german general staff
government
governments
labour government
NUMBER
founding
memorandum
second memorandum
secret memorandum
successor
SITUATION
deal
emergencies
history
landscapes
situation
DECISION
advice
appointment
decision
decisions
ARRANGEMENT
administration
army management
labour administration
public administration
COLLECTION
collection
peerage
practice
OCCURRENCE
campaign
outbreak
solution
CONCEPT
centrism
clog
specialism
ARTICLE
article
berlin main article
main article
RULE
aeronautics
policy
precept
SPEECH
firebrand speeches
speech
speeches
ACTIVITY
meeting
things
work
RESOURCE
plot
spy
NATURE
arms reduction principles
principles
SUBSTANCE
development
developments
PURPOSE
nonsense
purpose
VEHICLE
aircraft
aviation
RACE
arms race
breed
EFFECT
effect
effects
STATEMENT
merit
risk
VALUE
continent
future
SET
connection
set
HEAD
head
sore head
DOCUMENT PART
budget
unity
AGREEMENT
compromise
relugas compact
FUNCTION
firm friends
friends
TENDENCY
tendency
tide
POSITION
nucleus
position
ROOM
classroom
room
COGNITIVE STATE
experience
theory
STRUCTURE
complex
structure
ELEMENT
element
influence
FIGURE
figure
minds
LANGUAGE
arms
language
DISEASE
heart disease
income
HUMAN ROLE
minister
prime minister
RELATIONSHIP
interplay
relationship
INFORMATION
background
backgrounds
ENTITY
provinces
thing
SOUND
perspective
sense
SEQUENCE
biography
lodge
FIRE
fire
WORD
out
INJURY
detriment
STAGE
stage
STATUS
authority
ARTWORK
music hall song
LOCATION
birthplace
SIMILARITY
symmetry
IMAGE
daily express
RELATION
relations
RESPONSIBILITY
responsibility
PLAN
plan
AIR
air
QUANTITY
fault
FOOD
dinner
EMOTION
confidence
SKILL
skill
PERMISSION
account
REPUTATION
reputation
DISPUTE
disputes
VERTEBRATE
linguist
UNIT
conscription
MEAT
kreglinger v new patagonia meat
QUESTION
eight hours question
TIME PERIOD
annum
USE
brigades
LAND
shores
ILLNESS
illness
CAUSE
cause
SYSTEM
railway
ROLE
role
TRUST
belief
RANK
rank
PICTURE
photographs
TERM
terms
DOCUMENT
level
COMPOUND
chloroform
ANYTHING
anything
DIRECTION
direction
ABILITY
preface